The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Recovery of Over-Ground Walking after Chronic Motor Complete Spinal Cord Injury
Open accessAbstract
Summ a r yPersons with motor complete spinal cord injury, signifying no voluntary movement or sphincter function below the level of injury but including retention of some sensation, do not recover independent walking.We tested intense locomotor treadmill training with weight support and simultaneous spinal cord epidural stimulation in four patients 2.5 to 3.3 years after traumatic spinal injury and after failure to improve with locomotor training alone.Two patients, one with damage to the mid-cervical region and one with damage to the high-thoracic region, achieved over-ground walking (not on a treadmill) after 278 sessions of epidural stimulation and gait training over a period of 85 weeks and 81 sessions over a period of 15 weeks, respectively, and all four achieved independent standing and trunk stability.One patient had a hip fracture during training.(Funded by the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust and others; ClinicalTrials.govnumber, NCT02339233.)T here are estimated to be 1,275,000 persons with paralysis from spinal cord injury in the United States. 1 These patients indicate in surveys that walking and standing are highly desirable goals. 2 We have previously shown that epidural stimulation of the spinal cord and simultaneous intense rehabilitation may allow the restoration of some volitional movement below the level of spinal injury 3,4 and may result in the ability to stand independently.5,6 We report here recovery of independent walking over ground, not on a treadmill, in two of four patients with motor complete paralysis, with the use of a program that combines customized epidural spinal cord stimulation and intense training in standing and stepping.The study was approved by the institutional review board at the University of Louisville and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.All the patients provided written informed consent.All the authors vouch for the completeness and accuracy of the data and the reporting of adverse events and for the adherence of the study to the protocol, available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org.Medtronic provided the epidural electrode arrays, neurostimulators, programming devices, and recharging units to the Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center at the University of Louisville.There was no other industry involvement, and no funds were given by Medtronic to the institution, investigators, or research participants.The delay between active intervention for the first patient (November 11, 2014) and registration of the study (January 12, 2015) is explained in the Supplementary Appendix, available at NEJM.org.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“This recovery has been documented in various independent studies, including in participants with complete sensorimotor paralysis5,6,30–34.”
From Walking naturally after spinal cord injury using a brain–spine interface (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The delivery of epidural electrical stimulation over the lumbar spinal cord has enabled many individuals with spinal cord injury to regain adaptive control over the activity of otherwise paralysed muscles.”
From Walking naturally after spinal cord injury using a brain–spine interface (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (Revised 2011)
Kirshblum, S. C., Burns, S. P., Biering-Sorensen, F., Donovan, W., Graves, D. E., Jha, A., Johansen, M., Jones, L., Krassioukov, A., Mulcahey, M. J., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine · doi:10.1179/204577211x13207446293695 · Cited by 2,327
Harkema, S., Gerasimenko, Y., Hodes, J., Burdick, J., Angeli, C., Chen, Y., Ferreira, C., Willhite, A., Rejc, E., Grossman, R. G., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60547-3 · Cited by 1,229
Self-citationThe injured spinal cord spontaneously forms a new intraspinal circuit in adult rats
Bareyre, F. M., Kerschensteiner, M., Raineteau, O., Mettenleiter, T. C., Weinmann, O., & Schwab, M. E. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1195 · Cited by 1,088
Neurophysiology of locomotor automatism
Shik, M. L., & Orlovsky, G. N. (1976) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.1976.56.3.465 · Cited by 1,071
Restoring Voluntary Control of Locomotion after Paralyzing Spinal Cord Injury
van den Brand, R., Heutschi, J., Barraud, Q., DiGiovanna, J., Bartholdi, K., Huerlimann, M., Friedli, L., Vollenweider, I., Moraud, E. M., Duis, S., et al. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1217416 · Cited by 767
Angeli, C. A., Edgerton, V. R., Gerasimenko, Y. P., & Harkema, S. J. (2014) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awu038 · Cited by 750
Self-citationTransformation of nonfunctional spinal circuits into functional states after the loss of brain input
Courtine, G., Gerasimenko, Y., van den Brand, R., Yew, A., Musienko, P., Zhong, H., Song, B., Ao, Y., Ichiyama, R. M., Lavrov, I., et al. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2401 · Cited by 706
Locomotor Primitives in Newborn Babies and Their Development
Dominici, N., Ivanenko, Y. P., Cappellini, G., d’Avella, A., Mondı̀, V., Cicchese, M., Fabiano, A., Silei, T., Paolo, A. D., Giannini, C., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1210617 · Cited by 651
Jankowska, E., Jukes, M. G. M., Lund, S., & Lundberg, A. (1967) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03636.x · Cited by 489
Involuntary stepping after chronic spinal cord injury
Calancie, B. M., Needham-Shropshire, B. M., Jacobs, P. L., Willer, K., Zych, G. A., & Green, B. A. (1994) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/117.5.1143 · Cited by 364
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 667
Multisite Hebbian Plasticity Restores Function in Humans with Spinal Cord Injury
Jo, H. J., Kizziar, E., Sangari, S., Chen, D., Kessler, A., Kim, K., Anschel, A. S., Heinemann, A. W., Mensh, B. D., Awadalla, S., et al. (2023) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26622 · Cited by 48
Calvert, J. S., Manson, G. A., Grahn, P. J., & Sayenko, D. G. (2019) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00454.2019 · Cited by 46
Mesbah, S., Ball, T., Angeli, C., Rejc, E., Dietz, N. E., Ugiliweneza, B., Harkema, S. J., & Boakye, M. (2020) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awaa423 · Cited by 45
Self-citationSpinal Cord Injury: Animal Models, Imaging Tools and the Treatment Strategies
Cizkova, D., Murgoci, A., Cubinkova, V., Humeník, F., Mojzisova, Z., Maloveská, M., Čížek, M., Fournier, I., & Salzet, M. (2019) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-019-02800-w · Cited by 43
Beck, L., Veith, D. D., Linde, M., Gill, M. L., Calvert, J. S., Grahn, P. J., Garlanger, K. L., Husmann, D. A., Lavrov, I. A., Sayenko, D. G., et al. (2020) · Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine · doi:10.1080/10790268.2020.1739894 · Cited by 44
Rejc, E., Smith, A. C., Weber, K. A., II, Ugiliweneza, B., Bert, R. J., Negahdar, M., Boakye, M., Harkema, S. J., & Angeli, C. (2020) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.559313 · Cited by 41
Self-citationUsing a high-frequency carrier does not improve comfort of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation
Dalrymple, A. N., Hooper, C. A., Kuriakose, M. G., Capogrosso, M., & Weber, D. J. (2022) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/acabe8 · Cited by 42
Romeni, S., Losanno, E., Emedoli, D., Albano, L., Agnesi, F., Mandelli, C., Barzaghi, L. R., Pompeo, E., Mura, C., Alemanno, F., et al. (2025) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adp9607 · Cited by 45
Kern, H., & Carraro, U. (2020) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics10080529 · Cited by 42
Tai, Y., Ico, G., Low, K., Liu, J., Jariwala, T., Garcia-Viramontes, D., Lee, K. H., Myung, N. V., Park, B. H., & Nam, J. (2021) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202100806 · Cited by 42
Samejima, S., Henderson, R. P., Pradarelli, J. J., Mondello, S. E., & Moritz, C. T. (2022) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114178 · Cited by 42
Kazim, S. F., Bowers, C. A., Cole, C. D., Varela, S., Karimov, Z., Martinez, E., Ogulnick, J. V., & Schmidt, M. H. (2021) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-021-02484-w · Cited by 45
Poststroke arm and hand paresis: should we target the cervical spinal cord?
Pirondini, E., Carranza, E., Balaguer, J.-M., Sorensen, E., Weber, D. J., Krakauer, J. W., & Capogrosso, M. (2022) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2022.05.002 · Cited by 42
Herrity, A. N., Aslan, S. C., Mesbah, S., Siu, R., Kalvakuri, K., Ugiliweneza, B., Mohamed, A., Hubscher, C. H., & Harkema, S. J. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15315-2 · Cited by 42
Self-citationLai, B., Che, M., Feng, B., Bai, Y., Li, G., Ma, Y., Wang, L., Huang, M., Wang, Y., Jiang, B., et al. (2019) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.201901240 · Cited by 39
Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation of the cervical cord modulates lumbar networks
Barss, T. S., Parhizi, B., & Mushahwar, V. K. (2019) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00433.2019 · Cited by 40
Lu, P., Freria, C. M., Graham, L., Tran, A. N., Villarta, A., Yassin, D., Huie, J. R., Ferguson, A. R., & Tuszynski, M. H. (2022) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.158000 · Cited by 41
Kumru, H., Flores, Á., Rodríguez-Cañón, M., Edgerton, V. R., García-Alén, L., Benito-Penalva, J., Navarro, X., Gerasimenko, Y., García‐Alías, G., & Vidal, J. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10020195 · Cited by 40
Proprioception: Bottom-up directive for motor recovery after spinal cord injury
Takeoka, A. (2019) · Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/j.neures.2019.07.005 · Cited by 40
Bonizzato, M., Hottin, R. G., Côté, S. L., Massai, E., Choinière, L., Macar, U., Laferrière, S., Sirpal, P., Quessy, S., Lajoie, G., et al. (2023) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101008 · Cited by 41
Uhlrich, S. D., Uchida, T. K., Lee, M. R., & Delp, S. L. (2023) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111623 · Cited by 39
Laskin, J., Waheed, Z., Thorogood, N. P., Nightingale, T. E., & Noonan, V. K. (2022) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2022.01.161 · Cited by 38
Peripheral Immune Dysfunction: A Problem of Central Importance after Spinal Cord Injury
Jeffries, M. A., & Tom, V. J. (2021) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology10090928 · Cited by 38
The feasibility of using exoskeletal‐assisted walking with epidural stimulation: a case report study
Gorgey, A. S., Gill, S. S., Holman, M. E., Davis, J. C., Atri, R., Bai, O., Goetz, L. L., Lester, D. D., Trainer, R. J., & Lavis, T. D. (2020) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.50983 · Cited by 36
Duffell, L. D., & Donaldson, N. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00607 · Cited by 36
First-in-human study of epidural spinal cord stimulation in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy
Prat-Ortega, G., Ensel, S., Donadio, S., Borda, L., Boos, A., Yadav, P., Verma, N., Ho, J. C., Carranza, E., Frazier-Kim, S., et al. (2025) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-024-03484-8 · Cited by 43
Dewolf, A. H., Ivanenko, Y. P., Zelik, K. E., Lacquaniti, F., & Willems, P. A. (2019) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00167.2019 · Cited by 36
Khan, M., Luna, T. D., Santamaria, V., Omofuma, I., Martelli, D., Rejc, E., Stein, J. M., Harkema, S. J., & Agrawal, S. K. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2019.2933381 · Cited by 35
Self-citationHarnie, J., Doelman, A. W., de Vette, E., Audet, J., Desrochers, É., Gaudreault, N., & Frigon, A. (2019) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.50134 · Cited by 34
Al'Joboori, Y. D., Massey, S., Knight, S. L., Donaldson, N., & Duffell, L. D. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9092765 · Cited by 37
Gill, M. L., Linde, M., Fautsch, K. J., Hale, R. F., Lopez, C., Veith, D. D., Calvert, J. S., Beck, L. A., Garlanger, K. L., Edgerton, V. R., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.569337 · Cited by 35
Reversing 21 years of chronic paralysis via non‐invasive spinal cord neuromodulation: a case study
Alam, M., Ling, Y. T., Wong, A. Y. L., Zhong, H., Edgerton, V. R., & Zheng, Y. (2020) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.51051 · Cited by 34
Current Concepts of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Therapy for Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
Suzuki, H., Imajo, Y., Funaba, M., Nishida, N., Sakamoto, T., & Sakai, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.794692 · Cited by 36
Recalibration of neuromodulation parameters in neural implants with adaptive Bayesian optimization
Aiello, G., Valle, G., & Raspopović, S. (2023) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/acc975 · Cited by 32
Samejima, S., Shackleton, C., Malik, R. N., Cao, K., Bohorquez, A., Nightingale, T. E., Sachdeva, R., & Krassioukov, A. V. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12082897 · Cited by 37
A computational outlook on neurostimulation
Capogrosso, M., & Lempka, S. F. (2020) · Bioelectronic Medicine · doi:10.1186/s42234-020-00047-3 · Cited by 32
A modular strategy for next-generation upper-limb sensory-motor neuroprostheses
Shokur, S., Mazzoni, A., Schiavone, G., Weber, D. J., & Micera, S. (2021) · Med · doi:10.1016/j.medj.2021.05.002 · Cited by 35
Overcoming failure: improving acceptance and success of implanted neural interfaces
Dalrymple, A. N., Jones, S. T., Fallon, J. B., Shepherd, R. K., & Weber, D. J. (2025) · Bioelectronic Medicine · doi:10.1186/s42234-025-00168-7 · Cited by 38
Mesbah, S., Gonnelli, F., Angeli, C., El-Baz, A. S., Harkema, S. J., & Rejc, E. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50938-y · Cited by 32
Self-citationPreserved somatosensory conduction in complete spinal cord injury: Discomplete SCI
Awad, A., Levi, R., Waller, M., Westling, G., Lindgren, L., & Eriksson, J. (2020) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.01.017 · Cited by 31
Zhu, S., Chen, M., Chen, M., Ye, J., Ying, Y., Wu, Q., Dou, H., Bai, L., Mao, F.-M., Ni, W., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00018 · Cited by 32
Smith, A. C., Angeli, C., Ugiliweneza, B., Weber, K. A., II, Bert, R. J., Negahdar, M., Mesbah, S., Boakye, M., Harkema, S. J., & Rejc, E. (2021) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-021-06272-9 · Cited by 31
Self-citationStimulation of the cuneiform nucleus enables training and boosts recovery after spinal cord injury
Hofer, A., Scheuber, M. I., Sartori, A. M., Good, N., Stalder, S. A., Hammer, N., Fricke, K., Schalbetter, S. M., Engmann, A. K., Weber, R., et al. (2022) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awac184 · Cited by 32
Spinal cord associative plasticity improves forelimb sensorimotor function after cervical injury
Pal, A., Park, H., Ramamurthy, A., Asan, A. S., Bethea, T., Johnkutty, M., & Carmel, J. B. (2022) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awac235 · Cited by 32
Enhanced selectivity of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation by multielectrode configuration
Bryson, N. K., Lombardi, L., Hawthorn, R., Fei, J., Keesey, R., Peiffer, J. D., & Seáñez, I. (2023) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ace552 · Cited by 30
Neurorestorative interventions involving bioelectronic implants after spinal cord injury
Cho, N., Squair, J. W., Bloch, J., & Courtine, G. (2019) · Bioelectronic Medicine · doi:10.1186/s42234-019-0027-x · Cited by 32
Parhizi, B., Barss, T. S., & Mushahwar, V. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.615103 · Cited by 31
Gorgey, A. S., Trainer, R. J., Sutor, T. W., Goldsmith, J. A., Alazzam, A., Goetz, L. L., Lester, D. D., & Lavis, T. D. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-37845-7 · Cited by 32
Enabling respiratory control after severe chronic tetraplegia: an exploratory case study
Gad, P. N., Kreydin, E. I., Zhong, H., & Edgerton, V. R. (2020) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00320.2020 · Cited by 31
Lewis, N. E., Tabarestani, T. Q., Cellini, B. R., Zhang, N., Marrotte, E. J., Wang, H., Laskowitz, D. T., Abd‐El‐Barr, M. M., & Faw, T. D. (2022) · Neurospine · doi:10.14245/ns.2244476.238 · Cited by 30
Zhan, Z., Pan, L., Zhu, Y., Wang, Y., Zhao, Q. P., Liu, Y., Li, S., Wang, H., Yang, C., Yu, L., et al. (2022) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-022-03117-6 · Cited by 30
Functional Multipotency of Stem Cells and Recovery Neurobiology of Injured Spinal Cords
Teng, Y. D. (2019) · Cell Transplantation · doi:10.1177/0963689719850088 · Cited by 29
Zhang, H., Liu, Y., Zhou, K., Wei, W., & Liu, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.749465 · Cited by 32
Calvert, J. S., Gill, M. L., Linde, M. B., Veith, D. D., Thoreson, A. R., Lopez, C., Lee, K. H., Gerasimenko, Y., Edgerton, V. R., Lavrov, I. A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10214898 · Cited by 30
Chandrasekaran, S., Bhagat, N. A., Ramdeo, R., Ebrahimi, S., Sharma, P., Griffin, D. G., Stein, A., Harkema, S. J., & Bouton, C. E. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1210328 · Cited by 31
Self-citationHuang, H., Sharma, H. S., Chen, L., Otom, A. H., Zoubi, Z. M. A., Saberi, H., Muresanu, D. F., & He, X. (2018) · Journal of Neurorestoratology · doi:10.26599/jnr.2018.9040013 · Cited by 28
Gill, M. L., Linde, M. B., Hale, R. F., Lopez, C., Fautsch, K. J., Calvert, J. S., Veith, D. D., Beck, L. A., Garlanger, K. L., Sayenko, D. G., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.590231 · Cited by 29
Engineering spinal cord repair
Squair, J. W., Gautier, M., Sofroniew, M. V., Courtine, G., & Anderson, M. A. (2021) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2021.10.006 · Cited by 28
Yu, P., Zhang, W., Liu, Y., Sheng, C., So, K., Zhou, L., & Zhu, H. (2019) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2019.08.003 · Cited by 28
Wang, S., Zhang, L.-C., Fu, H.-T., Deng, J., Fu, H., Li, T., Ji, X.-R., & Tang, P.-F. (2020) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.290905 · Cited by 27
Darrow, D., Balser, D. Y., Freeman, D., Pelrine, E. R., Krassioukov, A. V., Phillips, A. A., Netoff, T. I., Parr, A. M., & Samadani, U. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059126 · Cited by 27
Cervical transcutaneous spinal stimulation for spinal motor mapping
Oh, J., Steele, A. G., Varghese, B., Martin, C. A., Scheffler, M. S., Markley, R. L., Lo, Y., & Sayenko, D. G. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105037 · Cited by 26
Lu, B., Jia, S., Wang, Z., Wu, W., Yan, L. W., Zhu, L., & Hao, D. (2022) · Nano Energy · doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.108133 · Cited by 27
García-Alén, L., Kumru, H., Castillo-Escario, Y., Benito-Penalva, J., Medina-Casanovas, J., Gerasimenko, Y., Edgerton, V. R., García‐Alías, G., & Vidal, J. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11020589 · Cited by 30
Moon, Y., Yang, C., Veit, N. C., McKenzie, K. A., Kim, J., Aalla, S., Yingling, L., Buchler, K., Hunt, J., Jenz, S. T., et al. (2024) · BioMedical Engineering OnLine · doi:10.1186/s12938-024-01231-1 · Cited by 27
Neural engineering: the process, applications, and its role in the future of medicine
Ereifej, E. S., Shell, C. E., Schofield, J. S., Charkhkar, H., Cuberovic, I., Dorval, A. D., Graczyk, E. L., Kozai, T. D. Y., Otto, K. J., Tyler, D. J., et al. (2019) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab4869 · Cited by 30
Li, Z., Wang, X., Zhao, Z., & Liu, Y. (2024) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2024.152238 · Cited by 26
Sajer, S., Guardiero, G. S., & Scicchitano, B. M. (2018) · European Journal of Translational Myology · doi:10.4081/ejtm.2018.7905 · Cited by 28
Motor Control After Human SCI Through Activation of Muscle Synergies Under Spinal Cord Stimulation
Cheng, R., Sui, Y., Sayenko, D. G., & Burdick, J. W. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2019.2914433 · Cited by 25
Ibáñez, J., Angeli, C., Harkema, S. J., Farina, D., & Rejc, E. (2021) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00293.2021 · Cited by 25
Self-citationDolbow, D. R., Gorgey, A. S., Sutor, T. W., Bochkezanian, V., & Musselman, K. E. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10225356 · Cited by 27
Established and Emerging Therapies in Acute Spinal Cord Injury
Gadot, R., Smith, D., Prablek, M., Grochmal, J. K., Fuentes, A., & Ropper, A. E. (2022) · Neurospine · doi:10.14245/ns.2244176.088 · Cited by 27
Advances and Challenges in Spinal Cord Injury Treatments
Alvi, M. A., Pedro, K. M., Quddusi, A. I., & Fehlings, M. G. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13144101 · Cited by 25
Liu, S., Chen, F., Yin, J., Wang, G., & Yang, L. (2025) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-025-01649-1 · Cited by 28
Activity-Based Therapy Targeting Neuromuscular Capacity After Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury
Behrman, A. L., Argetsinger, L. C., Goode-Roberts, M., Stout, D., Thompson, J. E., Ugiliweneza, B., & Trimble, S. A. (2019) · Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation · doi:10.1310/sci2502-132 · Cited by 25
Soares, S., von Boxberg, Y., & Nothias, F. (2020) · Revue Neurologique · doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2019.07.029 · Cited by 26
Pavlovian control of intraspinal microstimulation to produce over-ground walking
Dalrymple, A. N., Roszko, D. A., Sutton, R. S., & Mushahwar, V. K. (2020) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab8e8e · Cited by 23
Roberts, B. W. R., Atkinson, D. A., Manson, G. A., Markley, R. L., Kaldis, T., Britz, G. W., Horner, P. J., Vette, A. H., & Sayenko, D. G. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.103009 · Cited by 24
Resilience of neural networks for locomotion
Haspel, G., Severi, K. E., Fauci, L., Cohen, N., Tytell, E. D., & Morgan, J. R. (2021) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp279214 · Cited by 26
Li, Z., Wang, Q., Hu, H., Zheng, W., & Gao, C. (2021) · Biomedical Materials · doi:10.1088/1748-605x/ac1d3c · Cited by 27
Shepard, C. T., Pocratsky, A. M., Brown, B. L., Rijswijck, M. A. V., Zalla, R. M., Burke, D. A., Morehouse, J. M., Reigler, A. S., Whittemore, S. R., & Magnuson, D. S. K. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.70058 · Cited by 25
Calvert, J. S., Darie, R., Parker, S. R., Shaaya, E. A., Syed, S. H., McLaughlin, B. L., Fridley, J., & Borton, D. A. (2022) · Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface · doi:10.1016/j.neurom.2022.03.007 · Cited by 24
Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation From Adults to Children: A Review
Singh, G., Lucas, K. C. H., Keller, A., Martin, R. A., Behrman, A. L., Vissarionov, S. V., & Gerasimenko, Y. (2022) · Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation · doi:10.46292/sci21-00084 · Cited by 26
Boakye, M., Ball, T., Dietz, N. E., Sharma, M., Angeli, C., Rejc, E., Kirshblum, S., Forrest, G. F., Arnold, F. W., & Harkema, S. J. (2023) · Surgical Neurology International · doi:10.25259/sni_1074_2022 · Cited by 25
Self-citationSpinal Cord Injury: Lessons about Neuroplasticity from Paired Associative Stimulation
Ling, Y.-T., Alam, M., & Zheng, Y.-P. (2019) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858419895461 · Cited by 21
Meeting Proceedings for SCI 2020: Launching a Decade of Disruption in Spinal Cord Injury Research
Morse, L. R., Field-Fote, E. C., Contreras-Vidal, J. L., Noble‐Haeusslein, L. J., Rodreick, M., SCI 2020 Working Group, Shields, R. K., Sofroniew, M. V., Wudlick, R., Zanca, J. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7174 · Cited by 27
Self-citationThe Translesional Spinal Network and Its Reorganization after Spinal Cord Injury
Krůpa, P., Siddiqui, A. M., Grahn, P. J., Islam, R., Chen, B. K., Madigan, N. N., Windebank, A. J., & Lavrov, I. A. (2020) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858420966276 · Cited by 22
Pino, I. P., Nightingale, T. E., Hoover, C., Zhao, Z., Cahalan, M., Dorey, T. W., Walter, M., Soriano, J. E., Netoff, T. I., Parr, A. M., et al. (2022) · Spinal Cord · doi:10.1038/s41393-022-00822-w · Cited by 23
Mesbah, S., Herrity, A. N., Ugiliweneza, B., Angeli, C., Gerasimenko, Y., Boakye, M., & Harkema, S. J. (2022) · Brain Communications · doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcac330 · Cited by 23
Self-citationDolbow, D. R., Gorgey, A. S., Johnston, T. E., & Bersch, I. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12093150 · Cited by 27
Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Where Have We Been? Where Are We Now? Where Are We Going?
Fehlings, M. G., Pedro, K. M., & Hejrati, N. (2022) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2022.0009 · Cited by 24
Singh, G., Sharma, P., Forrest, G. F., Harkema, S. J., Behrman, A. L., & Gerasimenko, Y. (2024) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2023.0438 · Cited by 25
Self-citationCarraro, U. (2020) · European Journal of Translational Myology · doi:10.4081/ejtm.2019.8826 · Cited by 22
Kandhari, S., Sharma, D., Samuel, S., Sharma, G., Majumdar, P., Edgerton, V. R., & Gad, P. N. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2022.3158393 · Cited by 24
Functional organization of motor networks in the lumbosacral spinal cord of non-human primates
Toossi, A., Everaert, D. G., Perlmutter, S. I., & Mushahwar, V. K. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49328-1 · Cited by 22
Santamaría, A. J., Benavides, F. D., Saraiva, P. M., Anderson, K. D., Khan, A., Levi, A. D., Dietrich, W. D., & Guest, J. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.514181 · Cited by 23
Bridging the gap: Spinal cord fusion as a treatment of chronic spinal cord injury
Ren, X., Kim, C., & Canavero, S. (2019) · Surgical Neurology International · doi:10.25259/sni-19-2019 · Cited by 22
Chronic nerve health following implantation of femoral nerve cuff electrodes
Freeberg, M. J., Pinault, G. C. J., Tyler, D. J., Triolo, R. J., & Ansari, R. (2020) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-020-00720-3 · Cited by 22
Sysoev, Y. I., Bazhenova, E. Y., Lyakhovetskii, V. A., Ковалев, Г. В., Shkorbatova, P. Y., Islamova, R. M., Pavlova, N., Gorskii, O., Merkulyeva, N. S., Shkarupa, D., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.00047 · Cited by 22
Malone, I. G., Nosacka, R. L., Nash, M. A., Otto, K. J., & Dale, E. A. (2021) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00625.2020 · Cited by 25
Metadata
- Authors
- Angeli, C. A., Boakye, M., Morton, R. A., Vogt, J., Benton, K., Chen, Y., Ferreira, C. K., & Harkema, S. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Louisville (US)
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2018-09-27
- Volume
- 379
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1244-1250
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2891480663
- Cited by
- 670
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 76 · 2025: 82 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 103 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 18
- FWCI
- 47.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
- University of Louisville
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
- Keywords
- motor complete spinal cord injury, epidural spinal cord stimulation, overground walking, walking recovery, chronic spinal cord injury, core stability, spinal cord injury rehabilitation, thoracic trauma, standing training
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Chronic Disease, Electrodes, Implanted, Epidural Space, Exercise Therapy, Humans, Locomotion, Male, Spinal Cord Injuries, Walking, Recovery of Function, Spinal Cord Stimulation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
