Cited by 937COVID-19 Impact on ReproductionSARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchPharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Preliminary Findings of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons

Open access

Shimabukuro, Tom T., Kim, Shin Y., Myers, Tanya R., Moro, Pedro L., Oduyebo, Titilope, Panagiotakopoulos, Lakshmi, Marquez, Paige L., Olson, Christine K., Liu, Ruiling, Chang, Karen T., Ellington, Sascha R., Burkel, Veronica K., Smoots, Ashley N., Green, Caitlin J., Licata, Charles, Zhang, Bicheng C., Alimchandani, Meghna, Mba-Jonas, Adamma, Martin, Stacey W., Gee, Julianne M., Meaney-Delman, Dana M.·2021·New England Journal of Medicine

DOI 10.1056/nejmoa2104983PMC PMC8117969

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Many pregnant persons in the United States are receiving messenger RNA (mRNA) coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccines, but data are limited on their safety in pregnancy. METHODS: From December 14, 2020, to February 28, 2021, we used data from the "v-safe after vaccination health checker" surveillance system, the v-safe pregnancy registry, and the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) to characterize the initial safety of mRNA Covid-19 vaccines in pregnant persons. RESULTS: A total of 35,691 v-safe participants 16 to 54 years of age identified as pregnant. Injection-site pain was reported more frequently among pregnant persons than among nonpregnant women, whereas headache, myalgia, chills, and fever were reported less frequently. Among 3958 participants enrolled in the v-safe pregnancy registry, 827 had a completed pregnancy, of which 115 (13.9%) resulted in a pregnancy loss and 712 (86.1%) resulted in a live birth (mostly among participants with vaccination in the third trimester). Adverse neonatal outcomes included preterm birth (in 9.4%) and small size for gestational age (in 3.2%); no neonatal deaths were reported. Although not directly comparable, calculated proportions of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in persons vaccinated against Covid-19 who had a completed pregnancy were similar to incidences reported in studies involving pregnant women that were conducted before the Covid-19 pandemic. Among 221 pregnancy-related adverse events reported to the VAERS, the most frequently reported event was spontaneous abortion (46 cases). CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings did not show obvious safety signals among pregnant persons who received mRNA Covid-19 vaccines. However, more longitudinal follow-up, including follow-up of large numbers of women vaccinated earlier in pregnancy, is necessary to inform maternal, pregnancy, and infant outcomes.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1056/nejmoa2104983

Cites

23 of 23 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: living systematic review and meta-analysis
Allotey, J., Fernandez, S., Bonet, M., Stallings, E., Yap, M., Kew, T., Zhou, D., Coomar, D., Sheikh, J., Lawson, H., et al. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m3320 · Cited by 2,304
Self-citation
The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA)
Brown, E. G., Wood, L., & Wood, S. (1999) · Drug Safety · doi:10.2165/00002018-199920020-00002 · Cited by 1,396
Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion
(2012) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048 · Cited by 1,358
Update: characteristics of symptomatic women of reproductive age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by pregnancy status - United States, January 22-October 3, 2020
Zambrano, L. D., Ellington, S., Strid, P., Galang, R. R., Oduyebo, T., Tong, V. T., Woodworth, K. R., Nahabedian, J. F., Azziz-Baumgartner, E., Gilboa, S. M., et al. (2020) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6944e3 · Cited by 1,207
Self-citation
Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine response in pregnant and lactating women: a cohort study
Gray, K. J., Bordt, E. A., Atyeo, C., Deriso, E., Akinwunmi, B., Young, N., Baez, A. M., Shook, L. L., Cvrk, D., James, K., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2021.03.023 · Cited by 699
Safety monitoring in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)
Shimabukuro, T. T., Nguyen, M., Martin, D., & Destefano, F. R. (2015) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.035 · Cited by 627
Self-citation
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020
Oliver, S. E., Gargano, J. W., Marin, M., Wallace, M. M., Curran, K. G., Chamberland, M. E., McClung, N. M., Campos-Outcalt, D. E., Morgan, R. L., Mbaeyi, S. A., et al. (2020) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6950e2 · Cited by 536
ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 200: Early Pregnancy Loss
(2018) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000002899 · Cited by 503
Update on overall prevalence of major birth defects - Atlanta, Georgia, 1978-2005
(2008) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e403792008-002 · Cited by 408
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020
Oliver, S. E., Gargano, J. W., Marin, M., Wallace, M. M., Curran, K. G., Chamberland, M. E., McClung, N. M., Campos-Outcalt, D. E., Morgan, R. L., Mbaeyi, S. A., et al. (2020) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm695152e1 · Cited by 317

Show all 23 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Dugas C, Slane VH. Miscarriage. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, 2021 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532992/).
Hoyert DL, Gregory ECW. Cause-of-death data from the fetal death file, 2015-2017. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2020;69(4):1-20.32510316

Sorted by citations

Items 401–500 of 937

Effect of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination on intrauterine insemination cycle success: A retrospective cohort study
Xu, Z., Wu, Y., Lin, Y., Cao, M., Liang, Z., Li, L., Lin, J., Chen, Q., Liu, J., & Liu, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.966826 · Cited by 9
A review of COVID vaccines: success against a moving target
Chong, S. H., Burn, L., Cheng, M. T. K., Warr, I. S., & Kenyon, J. C. (2022) · British Medical Bulletin · doi:10.1093/bmb/ldac025 · Cited by 9
Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccination Among Pregnant Persons in Urban Hospital-Affiliated Practices: Exploring Themes in Vaccine Hesitancy
Gibson, A., Rand, C. M., & Olson‐Chen, C. (2023) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-023-03752-y · Cited by 9
Aktualisierte Handlungsempfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie für die Betreuung von Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen im Rahmen der SARS-CoV‑2/COVID‑19-Pandemie einschließlich Empfehlungen zur COVID‑19-Impfung
Specker, C., Aries, P. M., Braun, J., Burmester, G. R., Fischer‐Betz, R., Hasseli, R., Holle, J. U., Hoyer, B. F., Iking‐Konert, C., Krause, A., et al. (2021) · Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie · doi:10.1007/s00393-021-01056-6 · Cited by 9
Addressing anti-syncytin antibody levels, and fertility and breastfeeding concerns, following BNT162B2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccinationPreprint
Mattar, C. N. Z., Koh, W. L. C., Seow, Y., Hoon, S. S., Venkatesh, A., Dashraath, P., Lim, L. M., Ong, J., Lee, R. J. Y., Johana, N. B., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.05.23.21257686 · Cited by 9
COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy: What do we know?
Cottin, J., Bénevent, J., Khettar, S., & Lacroix, I. (2021) · Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.therap.2021.05.011 · Cited by 9
Global Cross-Sectional Study Evaluating the Attitudes towards a COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnant and Postpartum Women
Hernandez, N., Pairman, S., Fisher, A. C., Cheng, R.-F. J., & Sylvester, S. V. (2023) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines11020390 · Cited by 8
Administration of the GSK Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine to Pregnant Persons in Error
Moro, P. L., Gallego, R., Scheffey, A., Fleming-Dutra, K. E., Hall, E., Zhang, B., Marquez, P. L., Jones, J. M., Nair, N., & Broder, K. R. (2024) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000005551 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Patient Betrayal: The Corruption of Healthcare, Informed Consent and the Physician-Patient Relationship
MD, O. &. M. F. M., Thorp, J. A., Renz, T., JD, F., Northrup, C., MD, O., Lively, C., MD, O., Breggin, P. R., MD, P., et al. (2022) · The Gazette of Medical Sciences · doi:10.46766/thegms.medethics.22021403 · Cited by 8
A retrospective evaluation of side‐effects associated with the booster dose of Pfizer-BioNTech/BNT162b2 COVID‐19 vaccine among females in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
Hassan, Y. A., Ali, M. D., Al-Eid, R. R., Al-Ghuraya, F. A., Alqasimi, Z. E., Ahmad, A., Eltrafi, Z., & Ghosn, S. A. (2022) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.009 · Cited by 8
Safety evaluation of COVID-19 vaccination during early pregnancy: A single-center prospective cohort study of Chinese pregnant women
Lü, L., Wang, L., Feng, T., & Du, X. (2023) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2226995 · Cited by 8
Call to action: Harmonization of pharmacovigilance regulations for post‐marketing pregnancy and breastfeeding safety studies
Alexe, A., Eisele, O., Fernandes, M. F. S., Garg, A., Kovacs, B., Wurst, K., Balramsingh‐Harry, L., Abramova, N., Zheteyeva, Y. A., & Lewis, D. J. (2023) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.15920 · Cited by 8
Risks of low vaccination coverage and strategies to prevent the resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases in infants in the COVID-19 pandemic scenario: recommendations for Latin America and the Caribbean by the group of experts on infant immunization for Latin America
Agüero, M. L. A., del Castillo, J. B., Falleiros-Arlant, L. H., Berezin, E. N., de Moraes, J. C., Torres-Martínez, C., López, E. L., Castillo, M. E., Laris-González, A., Solórzano, F., et al. (2023) · Expert Review of Vaccines · doi:10.1080/14760584.2023.2271057 · Cited by 8
Safety monitoring of bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant persons in the vaccine adverse event reporting System – United States, September 1, 2022 – March 31, 2023
Moro, P. L., Carlock, G., Fifadara, N. H., Habenicht, T., Zhang, B., Strid, P., & Marquez, P. L. (2024) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.084 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Pregnant Woman With Severe COVID-19: A Case Report
Harman, M. L., Cuellar, E. M., DeNora, A. B., Pokhriyal, M., & Mussarat, S. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.21649 · Cited by 8
Determinant Factors Involved In Pregnant Women's Willingness To Receive Covid-19 Vaccine
Aisyah, R. D., Fitriyani, F., & Pambudi, D. B. (2022) · Interest Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan · doi:10.37341/interest.v0i0.362 · Cited by 8
The COVID-19 Vaccine and Pregnant Minority Women in the US: Implications for Improving Vaccine Confidence and Uptake
Alcendor, D. J., Matthews-Juarez, P., Smoot, D. T., Hildreth, J. E. K., Tabatabai, M., Wilus, D. M., Brown, K. Y., & Juárez, P. D. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10122122 · Cited by 8
Effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the outcome of in vitro fertilization: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhang, L., Sun, X., Wang, R., & Ma, F. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1151999 · Cited by 8
Effects of COVID-19 Vaccination during Pregnancy on the Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes in a Tertiary Health Care Center
Tripathy, G. S., Rath, T. S., Behera, S., Lekha, K. S., Kar, D., & Pendyala, S. (2023) · PubMed Central · doi:10.34763/jmotherandchild.20232701.d-22-00043 · Cited by 8
Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women
Chayachinda, C., Watananirun, K., Phatihattakorn, C., Anuwutnavin, S., Niyomnaitham, S., Phongsamart, W., Lapphra, K., Wittawatmongkol, O., Rungmaitree, S., Jansarikit, L., et al. (2023) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2228670 · Cited by 8
Repairing our broken relationship with the vaccine hesitant
Dainton, C. J., & Wong, J. (2022) · Canadian Family Physician · doi:10.46747/cfp.6803211 · Cited by 8
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Review of Evidence and Current Recommendations in Europe, North America, and Australasia
Pietrasanta, C., Ronchi, A., Crippa, B. L., Artieri, G., Ballerini, C., Crimi, R., Mosca, F., & Pugni, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2022.883953 · Cited by 8
COVID-19 vaccine safety studies among special populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 120 observational studies and randomized clinical trials
Mohammadi, S., Sisay, M. M., Saraswati, P. W., Osman, A. K., Zuithoff, N. P. A., Weibel, D. M., Sturkenboom, M., & Ahmadizar, F. (2025) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127342 · Cited by 8
Breastfeeding in a COVID-19 world
Sakalidis, V. S., Perrella, S. L., Prosser, S. A., & Geddes, D. T. (2022) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000821 · Cited by 7
Coronavirus and Pregnancy: The Challenges of the 21st Century: A Review
Adam, S., Pheiffer, C., Dias, S. C., Hlongwane, T., Vannevel, V., Soma‐Pillay, P., & Abdullah, F. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.923546 · Cited by 7
COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy: A review of maternal and infant benefits
Lamptey, E., Senkyire, E. K., Tia, M. B., & Yaidoo, S. (2022) · Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.gocm.2022.07.003 · Cited by 7
Complications of COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy; a Systematic Review.
SeyedAlinaghi, S., MohsseniPour, M., Saeidi, S., Habibi, P., Dashti, M., Nazarian, N., Noori, T., Pashaei, Z., Bagheri, A. B., Ghasemzadeh, A., et al. (2022) · Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine · doi:10.22037/aaem.v10i1.1622 · Cited by 7
Vaccination Guidelines for Pregnant Women: Addressing COVID-19 and the Omicron Variant
Bednarek, A., & Laskowska, M. (2023) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.942799 · Cited by 7
Planning for the future of maternal immunization: Building on lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic
Meaney‐Delman, D. M., Carroll, S., Polen, K. N. D., Jatlaoui, T. C., Meyer, S. A., Oliver, S. E., Gee, J. M., Shimabukuro, T. T., Razzaghi, H., Riley, L. E., et al. (2024) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.069 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
Myths and facts about vaccination
Bezbaruah, R., Sailo, N., Zonunmawii, Z., Deka, K., Bhutia, Y. D., & Kakoti, B. B. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18564-9.00018-7 · Cited by 7
Safety monitoring of Pfizer's Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine in pregnant women in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 2023–2024, United States
Moro, P. L., Getahun, A., Romanson, B., Marquez, P. L., Tepper, N. K., Olson, C. K., Jones, J. M., Nair, N., & Broder, K. R. (2025) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127497 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination for Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Expert Consensus Statements by KASID
Lee, Y. J., Kim, S., Park, Y. E., Chang, J. Y., Song, H. J., Kim, D. H., Yang, Y. J., Kim, B. C., Lee, J. G., Yang, H. C., et al. (2021) · Korean Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.4166/kjg.2021.110 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
Crohn’s and Colitis Canada’s 2021 Impact of COVID-19 and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canada: Executive Summary
Kuenzig, M. E., Windsor, J. W., Barrett, L. L., Bernstein, C. N., Bitton, A., Carroll, M. W., Chauhan, U., Coward, S., Fowler, S. A., Ghia, J., et al. (2021) · Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1093/jcag/gwab027 · Cited by 7
Knowledge, perceived threats and protective behaviour related to COVID 19 among pregnant women
Indumathi, P., Swain, D., Priyadarshini, T., Jacob, J., & Tigga, R. (2022) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103091 · Cited by 7
SARS-CoV-2 variants and pregnant Women: A cause for Concern?
Chionuma, J. O., Onyeaka, H. N., Ekwebelem, O. C., & Nnaji, N. D. (2022) · Vaccine X · doi:10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100185 · Cited by 7
Clinical decision analysis of elective delivery vs expectant management for pregnant individuals with COVID-19–related acute respiratory distress syndrome
Resende, M. H. F., Yarnell, C. J., D'Souza, R. D., Lapinsky, S. E., Nam, A., Shah, V. S., Whittle, W. L., Wright, J. K., & Naimark, D. M. J. (2022) · American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM · doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100697 · Cited by 7
Fetal Supraventricular Tachycardia and Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination: is There Any relationship?
Abdallah, W., Rechdan, J. B., Lakkis, R., Nassar, M. N., Daou, L., Kassis, N. E., & Atallah, D. M. (2022) · Future Science OA · doi:10.2144/fsoa-2022-0007 · Cited by 7
Vaccination options for pregnant women during the Omicron period
He, J., Wei, Z., Leng, T., Bao, J., Gao, X., & Chen, F. (2023) · Journal of Reproductive Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jri.2023.103798 · Cited by 7
Immunisation against COVID-19 in Pregnancy and of Women Planning Pregnancy
Konje, J. C., Beloushi, M. A., & Ahmed, B. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15030621 · Cited by 7
No association of vaccination with inactivated COVID‐19 vaccines before conception with pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes: A cohort study of 5457 Chinese pregnant women
Zhao, Y. M., Zhao, Y., Su, X., Zhou, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Y., Li, M., & Jin, L. (2023) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.28735 · Cited by 7
Maternal and perinatal outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy
Süt, H., Yıldız, G. A., Şeker, E., Umit, C., Koçar, M., & Koç, A. (2023) · Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association · doi:10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2023.2022-9-10 · Cited by 7
Covid-19 pandemic: What is the truth?
Blaylock, R. L. (2021) · Surgical Neurology International · doi:10.25259/sni_1008_2021 · Cited by 7
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease: expert consensus statement by KASID
Lee, Y. J., Kim, S., Park, Y. E., Chang, J. Y., Song, H. J., Kim, D. H., Yang, Y. J., Kim, B. C., Lee, J. G., Yang, H. C., et al. (2022) · Intestinal Research · doi:10.5217/ir.2021.00098 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
Case of reactive sacroiliitis possibly induced by an mRNA coronavirus disease vaccine
Roux, N., Poussing, S., & Maurier, F. (2022) · BMJ Case Reports · doi:10.1136/bcr-2022-249063 · Cited by 7
Acting on sex and gender in medical innovation is good for business
Vijayasingham, L., Bischof, E. Y., Ateghang-Awankem, B., Rumaney, M. B., del Barrio, M. O., Cheah, P. Y., Meulen, A. S.-T., Tannenbaum, C., Morgan, R., & Wolfe, J. (2023) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2022-072242 · Cited by 7
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy Outcomes
Joseph, N. T., & Metz, T. D. (2021) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000004548 · Cited by 7
Immunization in pregnancy to protect pregnant people and their newborns against COVID-19
Delara, M., & Sadarangani, M. (2022) · Expert Review of Vaccines · doi:10.1080/14760584.2022.2031987 · Cited by 7
Path analysis of perceived disease vulnerability, COVID-19 fear, and lower vaccine hesitancy within the context of protection motivation theory
Bok, S., Shum, J., & Lee, M. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25889 · Cited by 6
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy enhances offspring hippocampal neurogenesis and working memory via IFN-γ–responsive microglia
Tang, J., Qi, F., Zou, J., Liu, H., Zuo, Z., Wang, L., Wang, N., Li, Z., Kumar, A., Guo, K., et al. (2025) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-025-08691-8 · Cited by 6
Primary Antibody Immunodeficiency and the Pregnant Patient
Zhang, S., & Cunningham‐Rundles, C. (2022) · Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.iac.2022.07.009 · Cited by 6
Pregnant Women's Concerns Regarding COVID-19 and Their Willingness to Be Vaccinated
Mitchell, S. L., Strassberg, E. R., Rhoades, C. P., Jones, A., Wagner, J. C. P., Schulkin, J. A., & Power, M. L. (2023) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2022.0427 · Cited by 6
mRNA Vaccines Beyond COVID-19: Emerging Therapeutic Frontiers
Mohammad, W. T., & Sayeh, A. M. A. (2024) · Trends in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology · doi:10.57238/tpb.2024.153196.1020 · Cited by 6
Progression of COVID-19 Among Black Pregnant Women: Population-Based Study
dos Santos, G. G., de Andrade, L. H., de Sordi, M. A. D. P., Nunes, H. R. D. C., & Pàrada, C. M. G. D. L. (2022) · Clinical Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/10547738221078899 · Cited by 6
Prevalence of side-effects associated with the booster dose of Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) of COVID-19 Vaccine among vaccinated adults in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia
Al-Matouq, J. A., Ali, M. D., Al-Somali, S. M., Ahmad, A., Banu, N., & Patel, M. (2022) · Infection Prevention in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.infpip.2022.100251 · Cited by 6
Public Choice Theory: An Explanation of the Pandemic Policy Responses
Karadimas, P. (2023) · Studies in Public Choice · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-24967-9_5 · Cited by 6
COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy: How discrepant public health discourses shape responsibility for fetal health
Manca, T., Top, K. A., & Graham, J. (2023) · SSM - Qualitative Research in Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100265 · Cited by 6
Intention to take COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public health facilities in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia
Mekuriaw, B. Y., Nigatu, D., Dessie, A. M., & Asresie, M. B. (2023) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-023-02331-1 · Cited by 6
Adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women attending primary health centers: An active-surveillance study
Goruntla, N., Karisetty, B., Nandini, N., Bhupasamudram, B., Gangireddy, H. R., Veerabhadrappa, K. V., Ezeonwumelu, J. O. C., & Bandaru, V. (2023) · Vacunas · doi:10.1016/j.vacun.2023.05.003 · Cited by 6
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women: a hospital-based cross-sectional study in Sudan
Omar, S. M., Osman, O. S., Khalil, R., Al‐Wutayd, O., & Adam, I. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1221788 · Cited by 6
The risk of preterm labor after COVID-19 vaccination before and during pregnancy
de Feijter, M., Vissers, L. C. M., Davidson, L., Kant, A. C., & Woestenberg, P. J. (2023) · Frontiers in Drug Safety and Regulation · doi:10.3389/fdsfr.2023.1235051 · Cited by 6
Management of neonates with maternal prenatal coronavirus infection and influencing factors
Çelik, İ. H., Parlakay, A. Ö., & Canpolat, F. E. (2023) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-023-02855-0 · Cited by 6
Causes and Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Pregnant Women and its Association with Adverse Maternal, Placental, and Perinatal Outcomes
Moriarty, K. L., Oyenuga, R. O., Olafuyi, O., & Schwartz, D. A. (2024) · The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine · doi:10.59249/lpoq5146 · Cited by 6
Maternal COVID-19 vaccination status and association with neonatal congenital anomalies
Santos, J., Miller, M., Branda, M. E., Mehta, R. A., & Theiler, R. N. (2024) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1355502 · Cited by 6
Intention to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine by U.S. Health Sciences University Employees
Dowdle, T. S., Dennis, J. A., NUGENT, K. M., & Byrd, T. L. (2021) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/21501327211036611 · Cited by 6
Updates on Coronavirus Disease 19 Vaccine and Its Clinical Application
Ahn, S. H., & Lee, S. H. (2021) · Korean Journal of Family Practice · doi:10.21215/kjfp.2021.11.4.236 · Cited by 6
Recent advances and developments in COVID‐19 in the context of allergic diseases
Ding, M., Dong, X., Sun, Y., Sokołowska, M., Akdiş, M., van de Veen, W., Azkur, A. K., Azkur, D., Akdiş, C. A., & Gao, Y. (2021) · Clinical and Translational Allergy · doi:10.1002/clt2.12065 · Cited by 6
COVID-19: State of the Vaccination
Fenton, C., & Lamb, Y. N. (2021) · Drugs & Therapy Perspectives · doi:10.1007/s40267-021-00869-4 · Cited by 6
Cohort Profile: The COVID-19 in Pregnancy in Scotland (COPS) dynamic cohort of pregnant women to assess effects of viral and vaccine exposures on pregnancy
Stock, S. J., Carruthers, J., Denny, C., Donaghy, J., Goulding, A., Hopcroft, L. E. M., Hopkins, L., Mulholland, R. H., Agrawal, U., Bonnie Auyeung, B., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyab243 · Cited by 6
Monitoring the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy in the US
Moro, P. L., Panagiotakopoulos, L., Oduyebo, T., Olson, C. K., & Myers, T. R. (2021) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2021.1984132 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Adverse Events Following COVID-19 Vaccination in Young Japanese People: A Case-Control Study of the Risk of Systemic Adverse Events by A Questionnaire Survey
Suehiro, M., Okubo, S., Nakajima, K., Kanda, K., Hayakawa, M., Oiso, S., Kabashima, T., Fujita, H., Ando, Y., & Muro, T. (2022) · Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research · doi:10.26502/acbr.50170222 · Cited by 6
Coverage and Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccination Among Pregnant Women: An Experience From a Low-Income Country
Nazzal, Z. A. S., Mohammad, A., Qub, L., Ali-Masri, H., Abdullah, I., Qasrawi, H., & Maraqa, B. N. (2022) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/08901171221111107 · Cited by 6
COVID-19 Therapeutics and Considerations for Pregnancy
Joseph, N. T., & Collier, A.-R. Y. (2022) · Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ogc.2022.10.018 · Cited by 7
COVID-19 mRNA vaccination status and concerns among pregnant women in Japan: a multicenter questionnaire survey
Takahashi, K., Samura, O., Hasegawa, A., Okubo, H., Morimoto, K., Horiya, M., Okamoto, A., Ochiai, D., Tanaka, M., Sekiguchi, M., et al. (2023) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-023-05669-4 · Cited by 6
The protective role of maternal genetic immunization on maternal‐fetal health and welfare
Ahmed, S., Jiang, X., Liu, G., Yang, H., Sadiq, A., Yi, D., Farooq, U., Sha, Y., & Zubair, M. (2023) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.14853 · Cited by 6
Toward Using Twitter Data to Monitor COVID-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnancy: Proof-of-Concept Study of Cohort Identification
Klein, A. Z., O’Connor, K., & Gonzalez‐Hernandez, G. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/33792 · Cited by 6
Coronavirus Disease-2019 in Pregnancy
Rojas-Suárez, J. A., & Miranda, J. (2022) · Clinics in Chest Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2022.11.015 · Cited by 6
El embarazo y la Covid-19
Mauricio, M., & Rosa, M. L. (2021) · Revista Médica Herediana · doi:10.20453/rmh.v32i2.3979 · Cited by 6
COVID vaccines safely protect pregnant people: the data are in
Hall, S. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-022-00031-8 · Cited by 6
Communication is crucial: Lessons from COVID‐19 vaccination and pregnancy
Cole, C., Tsakiroglou, M., & Waitt, C. J. (2022) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.15578 · Cited by 5
A qualitative inquiry in understanding trusted media sources to reduce vaccine hesitancy among Kenyans
Fesshaye, B., Lee, C., Paul, A. M., Zavala, E., Singh, P., Karron, R. A., & Limaye, R. J. (2023) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2023.995538 · Cited by 5
Systematic Review: Safety and Efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Pregnant Women
Lam, J. N., Nehira, J., Phung, O. J., & Deng, B. (2023) · Journal of Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.1177/08971900231196065 · Cited by 5
Vacunación en el embarazo. Documento de consenso del CAV-AEP y la SEGO
Aldeán, J. Á., García, F. J. Á., Fernández-Miranda, M. D. L. C., Falcón, T. F., de Arce, A. I., Rojano, M. L., Calle, I. R., & Suy, A. (2024) · Anales de Pediatría · doi:10.1016/j.anpedi.2024.02.009 · Cited by 5
Maternal Immunizations: Past, Present, and Future
Rick, A.-M., & Beigi, R. H. (2024) · Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/grf.0000000000000882 · Cited by 5
Pregnant individuals perspectives towards receiving COVID-19 vaccination during their pregnancy: an in-depth qualitative study
Zilver, S. J. M., Rietveld, A. L., Schonewille, N. N., Bakker, P., Broekman, B. F. P., van Leeuwen, E., & de Groot, C. J. M. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1415548 · Cited by 5
Application of a Language Model Tool for COVID-19 Vaccine Adverse Event Monitoring Using Web and Social Media Content: Algorithm Development and Validation Study
Daluwatte, C., Khromava, A., Chen, Y., Serradell, L., Chabanon, A.-L., Chan-Ou-Teung, A., Molony, C. M., & Juhaeri, J. (2024) · JMIR Infodemiology · doi:10.2196/53424 · Cited by 5
Gender equity and COVID-19 vaccine policies for pregnant people: a global analysis
Zavala, E., Doggett, E., Nicklin, A., Karron, R. A., & Faden, R. (2025) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-025-02497-0 · Cited by 5
Impfen in der Schwangerschaft
Röbl-Mathieu, M., & Terhardt, M. (2021) · Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde · doi:10.1007/s00112-021-01321-7 · Cited by 5
Early clinical trial data and real‐world assessment of COVID‐19 vaccines: Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists
Patel, N., Bouchard, J. L., Oliver, M. B., Badowski, M. E., Carreno, J. J., & the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (2021) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/phar.2622 · Cited by 5
Absence of SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein expression in placentas from individuals after mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
Santos, A., Sauer, M. A., Neil, A. J., Solomon, I. H., Hornick, J. L., Roberts, D. J., Quade, B. J., & Parra‐Herran, C. (2022) · Modern Pathology · doi:10.1038/s41379-022-01061-3 · Cited by 5
Mother to Newborn Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Evolution of Evidence in 1.5 Years of COVID-19 Pandemic
Gupta, A., Kamity, R., Sharma, R., Caprio, M. C., Mally, P., & Verma, S. (2022) · American Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1749635 · Cited by 5
Current Evidence to Guide Practice, Policy, and Research: COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy
Hawkins, S. S. (2023) · Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.jogn.2023.01.001 · Cited by 5
Vaccination and treatment options for SARS-CoV2 infection affecting lactation and breastfeeding
Chen, M. J., Cheema, R., Hoyt-Austin, A. E., Agnoli, A. L., Kuhn-Riordon, K. M., & Kair, L. R. (2023) · Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.siny.2023.101425 · Cited by 5
Individual‐level determinants of COVID‐19 vaccination in pregnant people in East Tennessee
Ehrlich, S. F., Maples, J. M., Burnette, S., Rand, B. G., Zite, N. B., PAUDEL, A. M., & Fortner, K. B. (2023) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.14698 · Cited by 5
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Influenza Vaccination and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Korea
Kim, B., & Kim, E. Y. (2023) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines11030512 · Cited by 5
Risks and Preventions for Pregnant Women and Their Preterm Infants in a World with COVID-19: A Narrative Review
Ahmed, A. K., Sijercic, V. C., Sayad, R., Ruthig, G. R., Abdelwahab, S. F., El‐Mokhtar, M. A., & Sayed, I. M. (2023) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines11030640 · Cited by 5
COVID ‐19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women attending tertiary care centre: A cross‐sectional study
Gupta, N., Sharma, S., Nigam, A., Panasar, S., & Kumar, S. (2023) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.14794 · Cited by 5
Responses to Common Misconceptions Relating to COVID-19 Variant-Adapted mRNA Vaccines
Kassianos, G. C., MacDonald, P., Aloysius, I., & Pather, S. (2024) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines12010057 · Cited by 5
Changing rules, recommendations, and risks: COVID-19 vaccination decisions and emotions during pregnancy
McKenzie, L., Carlson, S., Blyth, C. C., & Attwell, K. (2024) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-024-03004-6 · Cited by 5
Current Approaches in Postapproval Vaccine Safety Studies Using Real-World Data: A Systematic Review of Published Literature
Wu, J., Hauben, M., & Younus, M. (2024) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2024.06.005 · Cited by 5
Lectin-Based Fluorescent Comparison of Glycan Profile—FDA Validation to Expedite Approval of Biosimilars
Niazi, S. K., & Ómarsdóttir, S. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25179240 · Cited by 5

Authors: Shimabukuro, T. T., Kim, S. Y., Myers, T. R., Moro, P. L., Oduyebo, T., Panagiotakopoulos, L., Marquez, P. L., Olson, C. K., Liu, R., Chang, K. T., Ellington, S. R., Burkel, V. K., Smoots, A. N., Green, C. J., Licata, C., Zhang, B. C., Alimchandani, M., Mba-Jonas, A., Martin, S. W., Gee, J. M., & Meaney-Delman, D. M.
Affiliations: National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities (US)
From the Immunization Safety Office, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion (T.T.S., T.R.M., P.L. Moro, L.P., P.L. Marquez, C.K.O., C.L., B.C.Z., J.M.G.), and the Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (S.W.M.), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, the Division of Birth Defects and Infant Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities (S.Y.K., V.K.B., C.J.G., D.M.M.-D.), the Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (T.O., K.T.C., S.R.E., A.N.S.), the World Trade Center Health Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (R.L.), and the Epidemic Intelligence Service (K.T.C.) — all at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta; and the Division of Epidemiology, Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD (M.A., A.M.-J.).
Corresponding author: Shimabukuro, Tom T.
ORCID: Shimabukuro, Tom T.
Kim, Shin Y.
Myers, Tanya R.
Moro, Pedro L.
Panagiotakopoulos, Lakshmi
Olson, Christine K.
Liu, Ruiling
Chang, Karen T.
Ellington, Sascha R.
Burkel, Veronica K.
Green, Caitlin J.
Alimchandani, Meghna
Martin, Stacey W.
Gee, Julianne M.
Venue: New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Published: 2021-06-17
Volume: 384
Issue: 24
Pages: 2273-2282
ISSN: 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
1533-4406
DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2104983
PMC: PMC8117969
OpenAlex: W3154888372
Cited by: 927
References: 23
Citations by year: 2026: 37 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 84 · 2023: 194 · 2022: 317 · 2021: 246
FWCI: 190.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
Keywords: COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, vaccine safety in pregnancy, pregnant women, injection site pain, miscarriage, preterm birth, small for gestational age, neonatal outcomes, live birth, adverse pregnancy outcomes, VAERS
MeSH terms: Abortion, Spontaneous, COVID-19 Vaccines, mRNA Vaccines, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Registries, United States, Vaccines, Synthetic, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Premature Birth, Young Adult, Public Health Surveillance

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Preliminary Findings of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks