The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Xenotransplantation of a Porcine Kidney for End-Stage Kidney Disease
Abstract
Xenotransplantation offers a potential solution to the organ shortage crisis. A 62-year-old hemodialysis-dependent man with long-standing diabetes, advanced vasculopathy, and marked dialysis-access challenges received a gene-edited porcine kidney with 69 genomic edits, including deletion of three glycan antigens, inactivation of porcine endogenous retroviruses, and insertion of seven human transgenes. The xenograft functioned immediately. The patient's creatinine levels decreased promptly and progressively, and dialysis was no longer needed. After a T-cell-mediated rejection episode on day 8, intensified immunosuppression reversed rejection. Despite sustained kidney function, the patient died from unexpected, sudden cardiac causes on day 52; autopsy revealed severe coronary artery disease and ventricular scarring without evident xenograft rejection. (Funded by Massachusetts General Hospital and eGenesis.).
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Design and testing of a humanized porcine donor for xenotransplantation
Anand, R. P., Layer, J. V., Heja, D., Hirose, T., Lassiter, G., Firl, D. J., Paragas, V. B., Akkad, A., Chhangawala, S., Colvin, R. B., et al. (2023) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06594-4 · Cited by 302
Self-citationImmune response after pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation: a multimodal phenotyping study
Loupy, A., Goutaudier, V., Giarraputo, A., Mezine, F., Morgand, E., Robin, B., Khalil, K., Mehta, S., Keating, B. J., Dandro, A. S., et al. (2023) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01349-1 · Cited by 176
Self-citationMa, D., Hirose, T., Lassiter, G., Sasaki, H., Rosales, I. A., Coe, T. M., Rickert, C. G., Matheson, R., Colvin, R. B., Qin, W., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.16780 · Cited by 146
Self-citationIncidence of major adverse cardiac events following non-cardiac surgery
Sazgary, L., Puelacher, C., Buse, G. L., Glarner, N., Lampart, A., Bolliger, D., Steiner, L. A., Gürke, L., Wolff, T. E., Mujagić, E., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal Acute Cardiovascular Care · doi:10.1093/ehjacc/zuaa008 · Cited by 112
Physiologic homeostasis after pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation
Judd, E. K., Kumar, V., Porrett, P. M., Hyndman, K. A., Anderson, D. J., Jones-Carr, M. E., Shunk, A. J., Epstein, D., Fatima, H., Katsurada, A., et al. (2024) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2024.01.016 · Cited by 60
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Self-citationJones-Carr, M. E., Fatima, H., Kumar, V., Anderson, D. J., Houp, J. A., Perry, J., Baker, G. A., McManus, L., Shunk, A. J., Porrett, P. M., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci175996 · Cited by 50
Iwase, H., Yamamoto, T., & Cooper, D. K. C. (2018) · Xenotransplantation · doi:10.1111/xen.12472 · Cited by 44
Self-citationFirl, D. J., Lassiter, G., Hirose, T., Policastro, R. A., D’Attilio, A., Markmann, J. F., Kawai, T., & Hall, K. C. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38465-x · Cited by 41
Self-citationCD11b is a novel alternate receptor for CD154 during alloimmunity
Liu, D., & Ford, M. L. (2020) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15835 · Cited by 37
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Reshaping transplantation with AI, emerging technologies and xenotransplantation
Loupy, A., Preka, E., Chen, X., Wang, H., He, J., & Zhang, K. (2025) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-025-03801-9 · Cited by 50
Physiology and immunology of a pig-to-human decedent kidney xenotransplant
Montgomery, R. A., Stern, J. M., Fathi, F., Suek, N., Kim, J. I., Khalil, K., Vermette, B., Tatapudi, V., Mattoo, A., Skolnik, E. Y., et al. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09847-6 · Cited by 48
Self-citationImmune profiling in a living human recipient of a gene-edited pig kidney
Ribas, G. T., Cunha, A. F., Avila, J., Giarraputo, A., Morená, L., Lima, K., Gassen, R. B., Chen, J.-Y., Lin, J., Santagata, S., et al. (2026) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04053-3 · Cited by 27
Self-citationShaked, A. A., Sagar, A., Olthoff, K. M., Abt, P. L., Vail, E. A., Martin, N. D., Abrams, C. S., Hasz, R. D., Radolovic, C., Kaminski, S., et al. (2026) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04196-3 · Cited by 19
Self-citationInternational Xenotransplantation Association (IXA) Position Paper on Kidney Xenotransplantation
Meier, R. P. H., Pierson, R. N., Fishman, J. A., Buhler, L. H., Bottino, R., Ladowski, J. M., Ekser, B., Wolf, E., Brenner, P., Ierino, F. L., et al. (2025) · Xenotransplantation · doi:10.1111/xen.70003 · Cited by 18
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Kawai, T., Williams, W. W., Elias, N., Fishman, J. A., Crisalli, K., Longchamp, A., Rosales, I. A., Duggan, M., Kimura, S., Morena, L., Borges, T. J., Tomosugi, T., Karadagi, A., Nakamura, T., Safa, K., Giarraputo, A., Avillach, C. T., Patalas, E. D., Smith, R. N., Sachs, D. H., Cosimi, A. B., Madsen, J. C., Cooper, D. K. C., Pierson, R., Perrin, S., Anand, R. P., Chhangawala, S., Coscarella, M., Daigneault, A., Li, F., Pearce, O., Qin, W., Serkin, W. T., Yeung, V., Getchell, K., Low, S. C., Curtis, M., Colvin, R. B., & Riella, L. V.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Transplant Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Eledon Pharmaceuticals, Irvine, CA
- eGenesis, Cambridge, MA
- ORCID
- Kawai, Tatsuo
- Williams, Winfred W.
- Elias, Nahel
- Fishman, Jay A.
- Crisalli, Kerry
- Longchamp, Alban
- Rosales, Ivy A.
- Kimura, Shoko
- Borges, Thiago J.
- Tomosugi, Toshihide
- Karadagi, Ahmad
- Nakamura, Tsukasa
- Safa, Kassem
- Giarraputo, Alessia
- Avillach, Claire T.
- Patalas, Eva D.
- Sachs, David H.
- Madsen, Joren C.
- Cooper, David K.C.
- Anand, Ranjith P.
- Chhangawala, Sagar
- Li, Feng
- Qin, Wenning
- Serkin, William T.
- Getchell, Kristen
- Low, Susan C.
- Colvin, Robert B.
- Riella, Leonardo V.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2025-05-15
- Volume
- 392
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 1933-1940
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W4407259548
- Semantic Scholar
- dc3137c82b6a5c9c96b26a1d6d2806b17cea3a4a
- Cited by
- 184
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 112 · 2025: 72
- FWCI
- 128.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U19AI090959)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Xenotransplantation and immune response
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Keywords
- xenotransplantation, porcine kidney, end-stage renal disease, gene-edited pigs, porcine endogenous retroviruses, T cell-mediated rejection, immunosuppression, hemodialysis dependence, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, organ shortage
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Coronary Artery Disease, Graft Rejection, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Kidney, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Male, Middle Aged, Swine, Transplantation, Heterologous, Kidney Transplantation, Fatal Outcome, Animals, Genetically Modified, Heterografts
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