The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Describing Water Quality with Aggregate Index
Abstract
Alternative efforts to describe water quality by an aggregate index consisting of subindices of the constituent quality variables are examined. Ambiguity problems exist where all the subindices are acceptable and yet the overall index is not. Eclipsing problems exist where the overall index is insensitive to a single variable; such insensitivity is unacceptable. A mathematical formulation is developed that avoids these problems of ambiguity and eclipsing. Furthermore, the recommended index form is open to increasing the number of variables included within the index.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Sánchez, E., Colmenarejo, M. F., Vicente, J., Rubio, A., García, M. G., Travieso, L., & Borja, R. (2007) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.02.005 · Cited by 560
Alsaeed, B. S., Hunt, D. V. L., & Sharifi, S. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su142215293 · Cited by 31
Chuku, E. C., Ogbalu, O. K., & Osakwe, J. A. (2007) · Journal of Applied Sciences · doi:10.3923/jas.2007.3106.3110 · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- Swamee, P. K., & Tyagi, A.
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Engineering
- Published
- 2000-05
- Volume
- 126
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 451-455
- ISSN
- 0733-9372 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-7870
- DOI
- 10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2000)126:5(451
- OpenAlex
- W2117228961
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Describing Water Quality with Aggregate Index. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2000)126:5(451
- The paper
- Swamee, P. K., & Tyagi, A. (2000). Describing Water Quality with Aggregate Index. Journal of Environmental Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2000)126%3A5(451
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
