A Brief History of Time
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
According to explicit Qur'anic verses, the only miracle of the Prophet Muhammad that was presented as a challenge (tahaddi) to the Arabs is the Qur'an itself.
“According to explicit Qur'anic verses, the only miracle of the Prophet Muhammad that was presented as a challenge (tahaddi) to the Arabs is the Qur'an itself [32].”
From Critical Reexamination of the Event of the Splitting of the Moon in Light of the Noble Qur'an (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
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Cited by 1,027
- Authors
- Hawking, S. W., & Anderson, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Stevens Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- Physics Today
- Publisher
- AIP Publishing
- Published
- 1988-11-01
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 115-117
- ISSN
- 0031-9228 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-0699
- OpenAlex
- W4234424331
- Cited by
- 1,027
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 66 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 26
- Type
- book review
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physics Today (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › History of Science and Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › History and Developments in Astronomy
- Keywords
- time, history of time, philosophy of time, cosmology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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