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The hydration structure of guanidinium and thiocyanate ions: Implications for protein stability in aqueous solution
Open accessAbstract
Neutron diffraction experiments were carried out on aqueous solutions containing either guanidinium or thiocyanate ions. The first-order difference method of neutron diffraction and isotopic substitution was applied, and the hydration structures of two of nature's strongest denaturant ions were determined. Each ion is shown to interact weakly with water: Guanidinium has no recognizable hydration shell and is one of the most weakly hydrated cations yet characterized. Hydration of thiocyanate is characterized by a low coordination number involving around one hydrogen-bonded water molecule and approximately two water molecules weakly interacting through “hydration bonds.” The weak hydration of these denaturant ions strongly supports suggestions that a major contribution to the denaturant effect is the preferential interaction of the denaturant with the protein surface. By contrast, solute species such as many sugars and related polyols that stabilize proteins are strongly hydrated and are thus preferentially retained in the bulk solvent and excluded from the protein surface.
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Cites
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
(2014) · doi:10.1201/b17118 · Cited by 57,706
Anatomy of hot spots in protein interfaces
Bogan, A. A., & Thorn, K. S. (1998) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1006/jmbi.1998.1843 · Cited by 1,988
How Ions Affect the Structure of Water
Hribar, B., Southall, N. T., Vlachy, V., & Dill, K. A. (2002) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja026014h · Cited by 860
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mason, P. E., Neilson, G. W., Dempsey, C. E., Barnes, A. C., & Cruickshank, J. M.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2003-04-08
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 4557-4561
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W1978195452
- Cited by
- 369
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 3.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Mason, P. E., Neilson, G. W., Dempsey, C. E., Barnes, A. C., & Cruickshank, J. M. (2003). The hydration structure of guanidinium and thiocyanate ions: Implications for protein stability in aqueous solution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0735920100
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