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Reconstructing the origin and spread of horse domestication in the Eurasian steppe
Abstract
Despite decades of research across multiple disciplines, the early history of horse domestication remains poorly understood. On the basis of current evidence from archaeology, mitochondrial DNA, and Y-chromosomal sequencing, a number of different domestication scenarios have been proposed, ranging from the spread of domestic horses out of a restricted primary area of domestication to the domestication of numerous distinct wild horse populations. In this paper, we reconstruct both the population genetic structure of the extinct wild progenitor of domestic horses, Equus ferus , and the origin and spread of horse domestication in the Eurasian steppes by fitting a spatially explicit stepping-stone model to genotype data from >300 horses sampled across northern Eurasia. We find strong evidence for an expansion of E. ferus out of eastern Eurasia about 160 kya, likely reflecting the colonization of Eurasia by this species. Our best-fitting scenario further suggests that horse domestication originated in the western part of the Eurasian steppe and that domestic herds were repeatedly restocked with local wild horses as they spread out of this area. By showing that horse domestication was initiated in the western Eurasian steppe and that the spread of domestic herds across Eurasia involved extensive introgression from the wild, the scenario of horse domestication proposed here unites evidence from archaeology, mitochondrial DNA, and Y-chromosomal DNA.
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“The pastoral nomadic lifestyle, linked to horse domestication50, emerged in Central Asia around 5000 BCE, and gained importance during the late Bronze Age.”
From Y-chromosome descent clusters and male differential reproductive success: young lineage expansions dominate Asian pastoral nomadic populations (2015) · cites this paper as [50]
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Cited by
Recalibrating equus evolution using the genome sequence of an early middle pleistocene horse
Orlando, L., Ginolhac, A., Zhang, G., Froese, D., Albrechtsen, A., Stiller, M., Schubert, M., Cappellini, E., Petersen, B., Moltke, I., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12323 · Cited by 841
Shedding light on the grey zone of speciation along a continuum of genomic divergence
Roux, C., Fraïsse, C., Romiguier, J., Anciaux, Y., Galtier, N., & Bierne, N. (2016) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2000234 · Cited by 525
Prehistoric genomes reveal the genetic foundation and cost of horse domestication
Schubert, M., Jónsson, H., Chang, D., Der Sarkissian, C., Ermini, L., Ginolhac, A., Albrechtsen, A., Dupanloup, I., Foucal, A., Petersen, B., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1416991111 · Cited by 324
Sánchez-Villagra, M. R., Geiger, M., & Schneider, R. A. (2016) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.160107 · Cited by 195
Domestication of Cattle: Two or Three Events?
Pitt, D., Sevane, N., Nicolazzi, E. L., MacHugh, D. E., Park, S. D. E., Colli, L., Martinez, R., Bruford, M. W., & Orozco‐terWengel, P. (2019) · Evolutionary Applications · doi:10.1111/eva.12674 · Cited by 195
Metadata
- Authors
- Warmuth, V., Eriksson, A., Bower, M. A., Barker, G., Barrett, E., Hanks, B. K., Li, S., Lomitashvili, D., Ochir-Goryaeva, M., Sizonov, G. V., Soyonov, V., & Manica, A.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2012-05-07
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 8202-8206
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- 1091-6490
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
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- Warmuth, V., Eriksson, A., Bower, M. A., Barker, G., Barrett, E., Hanks, B. K., Li, S., Lomitashvili, D., Ochir-Goryaeva, M., Sizonov, G. V., Soyonov, V., & Manica, A. (2012). Reconstructing the origin and spread of horse domestication in the Eurasian steppe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1111122109
