The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Autophagy inhibitor Lys05 has single-agent antitumor activity and reproduces the phenotype of a genetic autophagy deficiency
Open accessAbstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradative process that protects cancer cells from multiple stresses. In preclinical models, autophagy inhibition with chloroquine (CQ) derivatives augments the efficacy of many anticancer therapies, but CQ has limited activity as a single agent. Clinical trials are underway combining anticancer agents with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), but concentrations of HCQ required to inhibit autophagy are not consistently achievable in the clinic. We report the synthesis and characterization of bisaminoquinoline autophagy inhibitors that potently inhibit autophagy and impair tumor growth in vivo. The structural motifs that are necessary for improved autophagy inhibition compared with CQ include the presence of two aminoquinoline rings and a triamine linker and C-7 chlorine. The lead compound, Lys01, is a 10-fold more potent autophagy inhibitor than HCQ. Compared with HCQ, Lys05, a water-soluble salt of Lys01, more potently accumulates within and deacidifies the lysosome, resulting in impaired autophagy and tumor growth. At the highest dose administered, some mice develop Paneth cell dysfunction that resembles the intestinal phenotype of mice and humans with genetic defects in the autophagy gene ATG16L1 , providing in vivo evidence that Lys05 targets autophagy. Unlike HCQ, significant single-agent antitumor activity is observed without toxicity in mice treated with lower doses of Lys05, establishing the therapeutic potential of this compound in cancer.
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Pankiv, S., Clausen, T. H., Lamark, T., Brech, A., Bruun, J.-A., Outzen, H., Øvervatn, A., Bjørkøy, G., & Johansen, T. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m702824200 · Cited by 4,578
A key role for autophagy and the autophagy gene Atg16l1 in mouse and human intestinal Paneth cells
Cadwell, K., Liu, J. Y., Brown, S. L., Miyoshi, H., Loh, J., Lennerz, J. K., Kishi, C., Kc, W., Carrero, J. A., Hunt, S., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07416 · Cited by 1,542
Pancreatic cancers require autophagy for tumor growth
Yang, S., Wang, X., Contino, G., Liesa, M., Sahin, E., Ying, H., Bause, A., Li, Y., Stommel, J. M., Dell'Antonio, G., et al. (2011) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.2016111 · Cited by 1,498
Lazova, R., Camp, R. L., Klump, V., Siddiqui, S. F., Amaravadi, R. K., & Pawelek, J. M. (2012) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-1282 · Cited by 305
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Cited by
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition).
Klionsky, D. J., Abdelmohsen, K., Abe, A., Abedin, M. J., Abeliovich, H., Acevedo Arozena, A., Adachi, H., Adams, C. M., Adams, P. D., Adeli, K., et al. (2016) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356 · Cited by 5,894
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition) 1
Klionsky, D. J., Abdel-Aziz, A. K., Abdelfatah, S., Abdellatif, M., Abdoli, A., Abel, S., Abeliovich, H., Abildgaard, M. H., Abudu, Y. P., Acevedo-Arozena, A., et al. (2021) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2020.1797280 · Cited by 2,897
Self-citationLevy, J. M. M., Towers, C. G., & Thorburn, A. (2017) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc.2017.53 · Cited by 2,526
Chloroquine inhibits autophagic flux by decreasing autophagosome-lysosome fusion
Mauthe, M., Orhon, I., Rocchi, C., Zhou, X., Luhr, M., Hijlkema, K.-J., Coppes, R. P., Engedal, N., Mari, M., & Reggiori, F. (2018) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2018.1474314 · Cited by 2,122
Autophagy in malignant transformation and cancer progression
Galluzzi, L., Pietrocola, F., Bravo‐San Pedro, J. M., Amaravadi, R. K., Baehrecke, E. H., Cecconi, F., Codogno, P., Debnath, J., Gewirtz, D. A., Karantza, V., et al. (2015) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201490784 · Cited by 1,182
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Metadata
- Authors
- McAfee, Q., Zhang, Z., Samanta, A., Levi, S. M., Ma, X.-H., Piao, S., Lynch, J. P., Uehara, T., Sepulveda, A. R., Davis, L. E., Winkler, J. D., & Amaravadi, R. K.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2012-05-07
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 8253-8258
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2126968146
- Cited by
- 422
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 19.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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