Translation initiation mediated by RNA looping
Open accessAbstract
Significance: “Ribosomal scanning” is the generally accepted hypothesis for explaining how eukaryotic 40S ribosomal subunits find initiation codons. Some recently described phenomena cannot be explained by the ribosomal scanning hypothesis, however. Here we show that 43S ribosomal complexes recruited to locations downstream of a reporter gene can direct translation of the reporter independent of the 5′ end, suggesting that 43S ribosomal complex recognizes the initiation codon by “RNA looping” of the intervening mRNA segment between the ribosome recruiting site and the initiation codon. Moreover, we provide a mathematical model for the RNA looping hypothesis. The RNA looping hypothesis provides a logical explanation for translational augmentation by translation-enhancing elements located upstream and/or downstream of a protein-coding region.
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mtRNR1, AES, and EMCV individually have previously been found to influence mRNA stability.
“As 3′UTRs, various combinations of mtRNR1, AES, and EMCV were chosen, which individually have previously also been found to influence mRNA stability [34,39].”
From Effects of Combinations of Untranslated-Region Sequences on Translation of mRNA (2023) · cites this paper as [39]
The section on EMCV IRES enhancement of monocistronic mRNAs reports increased translation when EMCV IRES is placed in the 3′ UTR, not an effect on mRNA stability (page unavailable). Searches for mRNA stability, decay, mtRNR1, and AES found no passage establishing that any of the three elements individually influences stability. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe sequence of the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) IRES comprises strong secondary structures and has been used to enhance the expression of heterologous RNAs.
“The sequence of the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) IRES comprises strong secondary structures and has been used to enhance the expression of heterologous RNAs [39].”
From Effects of Combinations of Untranslated-Region Sequences on Translation of mRNA (2023) · cites this paper as [39]
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Research works printed but not linked: 24
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Effects of Combinations of Untranslated-Region Sequences on Translation of mRNA
Kirshina, A., Vasileva, O., Kunyk, D., Seregina, K., Muslimov, A., Ivanov, R., & Reshetnikov, V. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13111677 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
- Authors
- Paek, K. Y., Hong, K. Y., Ryu, I., Park, S. M., Keum, S. J., Kwon, O. S., & Jang, S. K.
- Affiliations
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2015-01-12
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1041-1046
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC4313796
- OpenAlex
- W2032504550
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (No. 2013076206, No. 20100019706)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- translation initiation, eIF4G, internal ribosome entry site, encephalomyocarditis virus, cap-independent translation, 3' untranslated region, dicistronic mRNA, cap structure
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational, RNA Caps, Genes, Reporter, Codon, Initiator, 3' Untranslated Regions, Ribosome Subunits, Small, Eukaryotic, HEK293 Cells
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