The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to loss of function of the KiSS1-derived peptide receptor GPR54
Open accessAbstract
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is defined as a deficiency of the pituitary secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, which results in the impairment of pubertal maturation and of reproductive function. In the absence of pituitary or hypothalamic anatomical lesions and of anosmia (Kallmann syndrome), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). A limited number of IHH cases are due to loss-of-function mutations of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor. To identify additional gene defects leading to IHH, a large consanguineous family with five affected siblings and with a normal gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor coding sequence was studied. Homozygosity whole-genome mapping allowed the localization of a new locus within the short arm of chromosome 19 (19p13). Sequencing of several genes localized within this region showed that all affected siblings of the family carried a homozygous deletion of 155 nucleotides in the GPR54 gene. This deletion encompassed the splicing acceptor site of intron 4-exon 5 junction and part of exon 5. The deletion was absent or present on only one allele in unaffected family members. GPR54 has been initially identified as an orphan G protein-coupled receptor with 40% homology to galanin receptors. Recently, a 54-aa peptide derived from the KiSS1 protein was identified as a ligand of GPR54. The present study shows that loss of function of GPR54 is a cause of IHH, and it identifies GPR54 and possibly KiSS1 protein-derived peptide as playing a major and previously unsuspected role in the physiology of the gonadotropic axis.
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In the citing paper
“loss-of-function mutations in the kisspeptin receptor cause GnRH deficiency in humans and mice (16-18).”
From Kisspeptin Overcomes GnRH Neuronal Suppression Secondary to Hyperprolactinemia in Humans (2022) · cites this paper as [16]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“both humans and rodents with inactivating mutations in kisspeptin or its receptor fail to progress through puberty or show normal pulsatile LH secretion (Seminara et al., 2003;de Roux et al., 2003;Kaiser, 2015).”
From The Origin of GnRH Pulse Generation: An Integrative Mathematical-Experimental Approach (2019) · cites this paper as de Roux et al., 2003
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“The discovery of the kisspeptin system as a crucial component for pubertal activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis occurred in 2003, when loss-of-function mutations of the KISS1R (previously known as GPR54) gene were identified in individuals with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, establishing KISS1R inactivation as a cause of this disorder (table, figure 2).42,43”
From Pubertal development and regulation (2016) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Two of the most important excitatory components of the GnRH network were identified with the demonstration that the genetic loss of such inputs results in failure to initiate the GnRH pulse generator at the expected time of puberty, resulting in isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.42–45”
From Pubertal development and regulation (2016) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Although studies in animals have led to identification of regulators of GnRH such as catecholamines, GABA, and glutamate, genetic studies of patients with pubertal disorders have resulted in the identification of a major regulatory hub for the GnRH neurons—ie, the hypothalamic neurons expressing kisspeptin and neurokinin B.42–44”
From Pubertal development and regulation (2016) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“The reproductive roles of the G-protein-coupled KiSS-1 receptor (also known as GPR54, encoded by KISS1R) and its endogenous ligand, kisspeptin 1 (encoded by KISS1) were revealed in 2003 when inactivating mutations in the KiSS-1 receptor were found in the homozygous state in members of two large, consanguineous families with a history of normosmic IHH.”
From The genetic and molecular basis of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (2009) · cites this paper as [34]
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“Kisspeptins for example, a family of peptides derived from the metastasis suppressor gene Kiss-1, were shown to enhance hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion via the GPR54 receptor (137, 220, 472), and genetic inactivation of GPR54 in mice or mutation in humans causes hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (137…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- de Roux, N., Genin, E., Carel, J.-C., Matsuda, F., Chaussain, J.-L., & Milgrom, E.
- Affiliations
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 135, Unité de Recherches Hormones Gènes et Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 584, Hormone Targets, Faculté de Médecine Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 535, Génétique Epidémiologique et Structure des Populations Humaines, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre...
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades (FR)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2003-08-27
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 10972-10976
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC196911
- OpenAlex
- W2143506157
- Cited by
- 2,431
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 99 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 123 · 2021: 115 · 2020: 130 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 144 · 2017: 121 · 2016: 127 · 2015: 133 · 2014: 137 · 2013: 147 · 2012: 153
- FWCI
- 45.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Keywords
- isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, GPR54, loss-of-function mutations, chromosome 19p13, consanguineous family, GnRH receptor, orphan G protein-coupled receptor, gonadotropic axis, aberrant splicing, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone
- MeSH terms
- Receptors, Kisspeptin-1, Base Sequence, Consanguinity, Female, Genotype, Humans, Hypogonadism, Male, Pedigree, DNA Primers, Receptors, Neuropeptide, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
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