Tissue Culture-Induced DNA Methylation Variation in Maize
Open accessAbstract
Twenty-one progeny lines derived from tissue cultures of two embryo sources of maize inbred strain A188 were examined for DNA methylation changes. Total DNA was cut with the isoschizomers Hpa II and Msp I and probed with 18 single-copy Pst I genomic clones and two cDNA clones. Eight of these probes could detect both increases and decreases in methylation. With these probes 39% of the families were found to contain an altered methylation pattern. All changes represented a decrease in methylation. The other 12 probes could detect only increases in methylation; no methylation variation was seen with these probes. Fifteen percent of the methylation changes were homozygous in the original regenerated plant. Changes were stably inherited upon two generations of self-pollination. No sequence variation was observed in Msp I-digested DNA from the same 21 progeny lines. Certain probes detected methylation changes much more often than others. Our study provides evidence that demethylation occurs at a high frequency and could be an important cause of tissue culture-induced variation. Occurrence of the frequent homozygous alterations in original regenerated plants implies a non-random mutational mechanism.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In Zea mays callus culture, no variation was observed.
“No variation observed”
From Somaclonal Variation and Clonal Fidelity in Commercial Micropropagation: Challenges and Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [100]
The Results and Discussion report DNA methylation variation in maize lines derived from tissue culture, including altered bands in regenerant-derived families. The paper says noncultured controls were invariant; its findings do not support an unqualified claim that no variation was observed in cultured maize. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThese methylation changes were stably inherited across two generations, suggesting demethylation as a major contributor to tissue culture-induced variation, with certain probes detecting methylation changes more frequently.
“These changes were stably inherited across two generations, suggesting demethylation as a major contributor to tissue culture-induced variation, with certain probes detecting methylation changes more frequently [100].”
From Somaclonal Variation and Clonal Fidelity in Commercial Micropropagation: Challenges and Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [100]
In Zea mays A188, altered DNA methylation patterns were found in 39% of progeny lines, primarily due to stable, heritable demethylation.
“Altered DNA methylation stable, heritable demethylation. patterns were found in 39% of progeny lines, primarily due to”
From Somaclonal Variation and Clonal Fidelity in Commercial Micropropagation: Challenges and Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [100]
In 21 maize progeny lines from tissue cultures of inbred strain A188, 39% of families had altered methylation patterns, all showing a decrease in methylation.
“Moreover, a study on 21 maize progeny lines from tissue cultures of inbred strain A188 revealed 39% of families had altered methylation patterns, all showing a decrease in methylation.”
From Somaclonal Variation and Clonal Fidelity in Commercial Micropropagation: Challenges and Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [100]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 15 · Cited by 225
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- Larkin, P. J. & Scowcroft, W. R. (1983) in Genetic Engineering of Plants: An Agricultural Perspective, eds. Kosuge, T., Meredith, C. P. & Holleander, A. (Plenum, New York), pp. 289-314.
- Rice, T. B. (1982) in Proceedings ofthe 37th Annual Corn and SorghumResearch Conference (Am. SeedTrade Assoc., Wash- ington, DC), pp. 148-162.
- Benzion, G. (1984) Dissertation (Univ. of Minnesota, Minne- apolis).
- Vasil, I. K. (Academic, New York), Vol. 3, pp. 435-448.
- Phillips, R. L., Kaeppler, S. M. & Peschke, V. M. (1990) in Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress on Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, eds.
- Nijkamp, H. J. J., Van Der Plas, L. H. W. & Van Aartrijk, J. (Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Neth- erlands), pp. 131-141.
- Schwartz, D. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86,2789-2793.
- Monk, M. (1990) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B 326, 299-312.
- Armstrong, C. A. (1986) Dissertation (Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis).
- Saghai-Maroof, M. A., Soliman, K. M., Jorgensen, R. A. & Allard, R. W. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 8014- 8018.
- Hall, G., Allen, G. C., Loer, D. S., Thompson, W. F. & Spiker, S. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 9320-9324.
- Compton, M. E. & Veilleux, R. E. (1991) Genome 34,810-817. Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA 90 (1993)
- Authors
- Kaeppler, S. M., & Phillips, R. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- ORCID
- Kaeppler, S M
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1993-10
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 8773-8776
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC47442
- OpenAlex
- W2073498816
- Cited by
- 225
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 1.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- University of Minnesota
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- Keywords
- DNA methylation, demethylation, maize, embryo culture, cDNA clones, HpaII, MspI
- MeSH terms
- Base Sequence, Zea mays, DNA, Homozygote, Methylation, Seeds, Genetic Variation, Restriction Mapping, Culture Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
