The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Molecular dynamics of MHC genesis unraveled by sequence analysis of the 1,796,938-bp HLA class I region
Open accessAbstract
The intensely studied MHC has become the paradigm for understanding the architectural evolution of vertebrate multigene families. The 4-Mb human MHC (also known as the HLA complex) encodes genes critically involved in the immune response, graft rejection, and disease susceptibility. Here we report the continuous 1,796,938-bp genomic sequence of the HLA class I region, linking genes between MICB and HLA-F. A total of 127 genes or potentially coding sequences were recognized within the analyzed sequence, establishing a high gene density of one per every 14.1 kb. The identification of 758 microsatellite provides tools for high-resolution mapping of HLA class I-associated disease genes. Most importantly, we establish that the repeated duplication and subsequent diversification of a minimal building block,MIC-HCGIX-3.8–1-P5-HCGIV-HLA class I-HCGII, engendered the present-day MHC. That the currently nonessential HLA-F and MICE genes have acted as progenitors to today’s immune-competent HLA-ABC and MICA/B genes provides experimental evidence for evolution by “birth and death,” which has general relevance to our understanding of the evolutionary forces driving vertebrate multigene families.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, AND DIVERSITY OF CLASS I MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX MOLECULES
Bjorkman, P. J., & Parham, P. (1990) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.59.070190.001345 · Cited by 700
Cited by
Silverberg, M. S., Satsangi, J., Ahmad, T., Arnott, I. D., Bernstein, C. N., Brant, S. R., Caprilli, R., Colombel, J.-F., Gasche, C., Geboes, K., et al. (2005) · Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1155/2005/269076 · Cited by 3,409
Nomenclature for Factors of the HLA System, 2004
Marsh, S. G. E., Albert, E. D., Bodmer, W. F., Bontrop, R. E., Dupont, B., Erlich, H. A., Geraghty, D. E., Hansen, J. A., Hurley, C. K., Mach, B., et al. (2005) · Human Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2005.02.002 · Cited by 818
Genetic and Functional Relationships between MHC and NK Receptor Genes
Trowsdale, J. (2001) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00197-2 · Cited by 321
Metadata
- Authors
- Shiina, T., Tamiya, G., Oka, A., Takishima, N., Yamagata, T., Kikkawa, E., Iwata, K., Tomizawa, M., Okuaki, N., Kuwano, Y., Watanabe, K., Fukuzumi, Y., Itakura, S., Sugawara, C., Ono, A., Yamazaki, M., Tashiro, H., Ando, A., Ikemura, T., Soeda, E., Kimura, M., Bahram, S., & Inoko, H.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1999-11-09
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 13282-13287
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2136038794
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 6.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Molecular dynamics of MHC genesis unraveled by sequence analysis of the 1,796,938-bp HLA class I region. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.96.23.13282
- The paper
- Shiina, T., Tamiya, G., Oka, A., Takishima, N., Yamagata, T., Kikkawa, E., Iwata, K., Tomizawa, M., Okuaki, N., Kuwano, Y., Watanabe, K., Fukuzumi, Y., Itakura, S., Sugawara, C., Ono, A., Yamazaki, M., Tashiro, H., Ando, A., Ikemura, T., . . . Inoko, H. (1999). Molecular dynamics of MHC genesis unraveled by sequence analysis of the 1,796,938-bp HLA class I region. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.23.13282
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
