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Complex Pattern of Membrane Type 1 Matrix Metalloproteinase Shedding
Abstract
Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is a type I transmembrane MMP shown to play a critical role in normal development and in malignant processes. Emerging evidence indicates that MT1-MMP is regulated by a process of ectodomain shedding. Active MT1-MMP undergoes autocatalytic processing on the cell surface, leading to the formation of an inactive 44-kDa fragment and release of the entire catalytic domain. Analysis of the released MT1-MMP forms in various cell types revealed a complex pattern of shedding involving two major fragments of 50 and 18 kDa and two minor species of 56 and 31-35 kDa. Protease inhibitor studies and a catalytically inactive MT1-MMP mutant revealed both autocatalytic (18 kDa) and non-autocatalytic (56, 50, and 31-35 kDa) shedding mechanisms. Purification and sequencing of the 18-kDa fragment indicated that it extends from Tyr(112) to Ala(255). Structural and sequencing data indicate that shedding of the 18-kDa fragment is initiated at the Gly(284)-Gly(285) site, followed by cleavage between the conserved Ala(255) and Ile(256) residues near the conserved methionine turn, a structural feature of the catalytic domain of all MMPs. Consistently, a recombinant 18-kDa fragment had no catalytic activity and did not bind TIMP-2. Thus, autocatalytic shedding evolved as a specific mechanism to terminate MT1-MMP activity on the cell surface by disrupting enzyme integrity at a vital structural site. In contrast, functional data suggest that the non-auto…
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MT1-MMP is constitutively shed via proteolytic cleavage by ADAM family metalloproteinases, resulting in detectable quantities of soluble MT1-MMP (sMT1-MMP) in the plasma.
“MT1-MMP is constitutively shed via proteolytic cleavage by A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family metalloproteinases, resulting in detectable quantities of soluble MT1-MMP (sMT1-MMP) in the plasma20–22.”
From MT1-MMP inhibition rejuvenates ageing brain and rescues cognitive deficits in obesity (2025) · cites this paper as [20]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
MT1-MMP inhibition rejuvenates ageing brain and rescues cognitive deficits in obesity
Asthana, P., Li, L., Lu, L., Wu, J., Zhang, S., Li, N., Wong, S. K. K., Gurung, S., Zhang, Y., Lin, Y., et al. (2025) · Cell Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41421-025-00825-w · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Toth, M., Hernandez-Barrantes, S., Osenkowski, P., Bernardo, M. M., Gervasi, D. C., Shimura, Y., Meroueh, O., Kotra, L. P., Gálvez, B. G., Arroyo, A. G., Mobashery, S., & Fridman, R.
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 277
- Issue
- 29
- Pages
- 26340-26350
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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