The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Imposing limits on autonomous systems
Open accessAbstract
Our present era is witnessing the genesis of a sea-change in the way that advanced technologies operate. Amongst this burgeoning wave of untrammelled automation there is now beginning to arise a cadre of ever-more independent, autonomous systems. The degree of interaction between these latter systems with any form of human controller is becoming progressively more diminished and remote; and this perhaps necessarily so. Here, I advocate for human-centred and human favouring constraints to be designed, programmed, promulgated and imposed upon these nascent forms of independent entity. I am not sanguine about the collective response of modern society to this call. Nevertheless, the warning must be voiced and the issue debated, especially among those who most look to mediate between people and technology. Practitioner Summary: Practitioners are witnessing the penetration of progressively more independent technical orthotics into virtually all systems' operations. This work enjoins them to advocate for sentient, rational and mindful human-centred approaches towards such innovations. Practitioners need to place user-centred concerns above either the technical or the financial imperatives which motivate this line of progress.
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“In general, autonomous systems are generative and learn, evolve and permanently change their functional capacities as a result of the input of operational and contextual information (Hancock 2017).”
From Trustworthy artificial intelligence (2021) · cites this paper as Hancock 2017
In the citing paper
“AI-based systems' actions necessarily become more indeterminate across time and are thus more challenging to predict (Hancock 2017), making trust interactions between humans and AI-based systems more complex and difficult to understand than trust interactions between humans and non-AI technologies.”
From Trustworthy artificial intelligence (2021) · cites this paper as Hancock 2017
Citations
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“We see some such frissoms of concern in respect to human–robot interaction where the issues of trust and machine (robot) transparency are becoming of ever greater importance (Hancock et al. 2011; sanders et al. 2015).”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Reliable, Safe & Trustworthy
Shneiderman, B. (2020) · International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1741118 · Cited by 1,743
From Here to Autonomy: Lessons Learned From Human–Automation Research
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Schaefer, K. E., Chen, J. Y. C., Szalma, J. L., & Hancock, P. A. (2016) · Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/0018720816634228 · Cited by 768
Self-citationHuman–Autonomy Teaming: A Review and Analysis of the Empirical Literature
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Trustworthy artificial intelligence
Thiebes, S., Lins, S., & Sunyaev, A. (2021) · Electronic Markets · doi:10.1007/s12525-020-00441-4 · Cited by 595
Metadata
- Authors
- Hancock, P. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Central Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hancock, P. A.
- ORCID
- Hancock, P. A.
- Venue
- Ergonomics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-07-13
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 284-291
- ISSN
- 0014-0139 (ISSN-L)
- 1366-5847
- OpenAlex
- W2471606134
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 22.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Ergonomics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Cybernetics and Technology in Society
- Keywords
- autonomous systems, human-centered design, human-automation interaction, user-centered design, human control, technology regulation, human factors in automation
- MeSH terms
- Automation, Humans, Ergonomics, Man-Machine Systems, Technology
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