Cited by 202Balance, Gait, and Falls PreventionEvacuation and Crowd DynamicsStructural Engineering and Vibration Analysis

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The influence of surface slope on human gait characteristics: a study of urban pedestrians walking on an inclined surface

SUN, JIE, WALTERS, MEGAN, SVENSSON, NOEL, LLOYD, DAVID·1996·Ergonomics

DOI 10.1080/00140139608964489

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Abstract

Human locomotion on inclined surfaces has been little studied. This work investigated uphill and downhill walking of urban pedestrians on slopes of up to 9 degrees. During a 3-month period, the gait characteristics of 1200 female and 1200 male pedestrians were recorded as they traversed a ramp of naturally varying slope at Sydney's Circular Quay. Walking speed, cadence and step length were determined for each subject, and average population gait parameters, for each ramp angle, were also calculated. The most significant finding was that the pedestrians' step length was decreased during ramp descent. Since theoretical analysis concludes that a reduction in step length produces a reduction in the friction demand, a shortening of the stride length is probably a means of counteracting the higher friction demand that would otherwise be required at heel strike during downhill walking.

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Authors: SUN, J., WALTERS, M., SVENSSON, N., & LLOYD, D.
Affiliations: UNSW Sydney (AU)
Venue: Ergonomics
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 1996-03
Volume: 39
Issue: 4
Pages: 677-692
ISSN: 0014-0139 (ISSN-L)
1366-5847
DOI: 10.1080/00140139608964489
OpenAlex: W2080303183
Cited by: 202
References: 16
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 0.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Ergonomics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University of New South Wales
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
Social Sciences › Safety Research › Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Structural Engineering and Vibration Analysis
Keywords: human walking, inclined surfaces, uphill walking, downhill walking, step length, walking speed, cadence, gait parameters, sex differences
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Child, Female, Gait, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Urban Population, Walking, Friction

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The influence of surface slope on human gait characteristics: a study of urban pedestrians walking on an inclined surface

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