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Cited by 105School Choice and PerformanceEducation Discipline and InequalityEducational Environments and Student Outcomes

Effects of student uniforms on attendance, behavior problems, substance use, and academic achievement

Brunsma, David L., Rockquemore, Kerry A.·1998·The Journal of Educational Research
DOI 10.1080/00220679809597575
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Abstract

Mandatory uniform policies have been the focus of recent discourse on public school reform. Proponents of such reform measures emphasize the benefits of student uniforms on specific behavioral and academic outcomes. Tenth-grade data from The National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988 was used to test empirically the claims made by uniform advocates. The findings indicate that student uniforms have no direct effect on substance use, behavioral problems, or attendance. Contrary to current discourse, the authors found a negative effect of uniforms on student academic achievement. Uniform policies may indirectly affect school environment and student outcomes by providing a visible and public symbol of commitment to school improvement and reform.

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  • The present findings of null and sometimes negative associations are similar to prior studies that documented null or negative associations, but stand in contrast with other studies showing benefits of school uniforms for children's socio-emotional development.

    “When taken together, these null—and in some cases negative—findings are both similar to prior studies that have documented null or negative associations (Brunsma & Rockquemore, 1998; Gentile & Imberman, 2011; Han, 2010), but stand in contrast with other studies that show benefits of school uniforms for children’s socio-emotional development (Huss, 2007; Wade & Stafford, 2003; Sanchez et al., 2012;”

    From School uniforms and student behavior: is there a link? (2022) · cites this paper as Brunsma & Rockquemore, 1998

  • Other research reveals largely null or negative associations between school uniforms and elementary and secondary school students' attendance and social-behavior.

    “Other research, however, reveals largely null or negative associations between school uniforms and elementary and secondary school students’ attendance and social-behavior (Brunsma & Rockquemore, 1998; Gentile & Imberman, 2011; Han, 2010).”

    From School uniforms and student behavior: is there a link? (2022) · cites this paper as Brunsma & Rockquemore, 1998

  • Other researchers found that students in schools with uniform policies demonstrated lower levels of or declines in academic achievement compared with students in schools without uniforms.

    “with samples of elementary (Brusnma, 2006) and high school students (Brunsma & Rockquemore, 1998), other researchers have found that students in schools with uniform policies demonstrated lower levels of (or declines in) academic achievement as compared with students in schools without uniforms.”

    From School uniforms and student behavior: is there a link? (2022) · cites this paper as Brunsma & Rockquemore, 1998

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Brunsma, D. L., & Rockquemore, K. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Alabama (US)
  • University of Notre Dame (US)
ORCID
Brunsma, David L.
Venue
The Journal of Educational Research
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
1998-09-01
Volume
92
Issue
1
Pages
53-62
ISSN
  • 0022-0671 (ISSN-L)
  • 1940-0675
DOI
10.1080/00220679809597575
OpenAlex
W2145076631
Cited by
105
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
The Journal of Educational Research (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
  • Social Sciences › Education › Education Discipline and Inequality
  • Social Sciences › Education › Educational Environments and Student Outcomes
Keywords
school uniforms, school attendance, student misbehavior, substance use, academic performance, public school reform, school environment

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