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Cross-national Comparisons of the Variation in New Firm Formation Rates
Open accessAbstract
REYNOLDS P. D., STOREY D. J. and WESTHEAD P. (1994) Cross-national comparisons of the variation in new firm formation rates, Reg. Studies 28, 443–456. Births of new firms have been seen to be a major source of new employment creation in developed countries. In the European Community (EC), government policy for much of the 1980s focused upon encouraging the startup of new enterprises. This research examines birth rates of new firms by region in France, Germany (West), Italy, Ireland and the United Kingdom. Comparison is also made with similar studies which have been conducted in parallel for Sweden and the United States. The key findings of the study are twofold. First, the average new firm birth rates are roughly similar across countries and there are similar regional variations within all countries; the most fertile regions have annual new firm birth rates that are two to four times higher than the least fertile regions. Second, the underlying processes affecting new firm births at the regional level appear uniform across countries. Consequently, we suggest that the main empirical findings are likely to apply to populations of new firms in other advanced market economies, including those in the EC. REYNOLDS P. D., STOREY D. J. et WESTHEAD P. (1994) Des comparaisons de la variation du taux de création de nouvelles entreprises à travers des nations, Reg. Studies 28, 443–456. La naissance de nouvelles entreprises à été considérée un gisement d'emplois dans les pays développés. Dans la Communauté Européenne (CE), la politique gouvernementale a porté sur des mesures pour inciter à la naissance de nouvelles entreprises. Cette recherche-ci examine les taux de création de nouvelles entreprises par région en France, en Allemagne (de l'Ouest), en Italie, en Irlande et au Royaume-Uni. On fait une comparaison avec des études faites en parallèle en Suede et aux Etats-Unis. Les deux résultats clés sont les suivants. En premier, le taux de création moyen de nouvelles entreprises est similaire à travers les nations et il existe des variations comparables au sein de toutes les nations; les régions les plus propices jouissent des taux de création annuels deux ou quatre fois supérieurs à ceux des régions les moins propices. En deuxième, les processus sous-jacents qui influent sur la naissance de nouvelles entreprises s'avèrent uniformes á travers les nations. Par la suite nous proposons que les principaux résultats empiriques sont susceptibles de s'appliquer à l'effectif de nouvelles entreprises dans d'autres économies de marché avancées, y compris celles de la CE. REYNOLDS P. D., STOREY D. J. und WESTHEAD P. (1994) Überstaatliche Vergleiche der Unterschiede in Firmengründungsraten, Reg. Studies 28, 443–456. In entwikkelten Ländern werden Firmengründungen als Hauptquelle der Beschaffung neuer Arbeitsplätze betrachtet. In der Europäischen Gemeinschaft (EG) hat die Regierungspolitik sich in den neunziger Jahren weitgehend darauf konzentriert, die Gründung neuer Unternehmen zu ermutigen. Diese Arbeit untersucht auf regionaler Basis die neuen Firmengründungen in Frankreich, (West) deutschland, Italien, Irland und dem Vereinigten Königreich. Darüberhinaus werden Vergleiche mit Parallelstudien in Schweden und den USA angestellt. Die Hauptbefunde der Studie betreffen zwei Punkte: erstens, daß Durchschnittsraten von Firmenneugründungen wie auch ihre regionalen Unterschiede überall etwa gleich sind, wobei die blühendsten Regionen Raten aufweisen, die zwei bis viermal höher als die der ärmsten liegen. Zweitens, daß die Firmengründungen zugrunde liegenden Prozesse auf Regionalebene in allen Ländern gleich sind. Folglich ergibt sich, daß die wichtigsten empirischen Befunde wahrscheinlich auch für Ansammlungen neuer Firmen in anderen entwickelten Marktwirtschaften gelten, einschließlich denen der EG.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Reynolds, P., Storey, D. J., & Westhead, P.
- Venue
- Regional Studies
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1994-07-01
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 443-456
- ISSN
- 0034-3404 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0591
- OpenAlex
- W2144380364
- Cited by
- 848
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 21.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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