In search of lost time: Memory politics in Estonia, 1991-2011
Abstract
This article analyzes memory politics during the first 20 years (1991-2011) of the newly independent Estonia. Memory politics is understood as a politics endeavoring to shape the society's collective memory and establish notions of what is and is not to be remembered of the past, employing to this end both legislative means and practical measures. The paper presents one possible scheme for analyzing Estonian memory politics and limits its treatment in two important ways. Firstly, the focus is on national memory politics, that is the decisions of the parliament, government, and president oriented toward shaping collective memory. And second, only internal memory politics is discussed; that is, bi- or multilateral memory-political relations with other states or political unions are not examined separately. The analysis is built on four interrelated dimensions of memory politics, which have played the most important roles in Estonia: the legal, institutional, commemorative, and monumental dimensions. Also, a general characterization and temporal articulation of memory politics in newly independent Estonia is proposed.
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The Venice Commission argued that threats to democracy after transition should be addressed with regular rule of law mechanisms, not extraordinary transitional justice measures.
“any threats to democracy after the transition should be addressed with regular rule of law mechanisms, not extraordinary transitional justice measures.”
From Contending Temporalities: Stretching the Temporal Reach of Lustration in Central and Eastern Europe (2024) · cites this paper as [90]
The Venice Commission argued that retrospective justice mechanisms like lustration were not the tools to address current problems with corruption.
“First, the Commission argued that retrospective justice mechanisms, like lustration, were not the tools to address current problems with corruption.”
From Contending Temporalities: Stretching the Temporal Reach of Lustration in Central and Eastern Europe (2024) · cites this paper as [90]
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References 92 · Cited by 51
- Authors
- Tamm, M.
- Affiliations
- Tallinn University (EE)
- Corresponding author
- Tamm, Marek
- ORCID
- Tamm, Marek
- Venue
- Nationalities Papers
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 651-674
- ISSN
- 0090-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-3923
- OpenAlex
- W2153906769
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 8.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nationalities Papers (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Eastern European Communism and Reforms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Memory, Trauma, and Commemoration
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Memory, History, Trauma, Identity
- Keywords
- memory politics, collective memory, Estonia, post-Soviet transition, national memory, commemoration, monuments
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