Cited by 238LGBTQ Health, Identity, and PolicyChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentRacial and Ethnic Identity Research

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Psychosocial Risk and Protective Factors for Depression Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Youth: A Systematic Review

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Hall, William J.·2018·Journal of Homosexuality

DOI 10.1080/00918369.2017.1317467PMC PMC5634914

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Abstract

Many lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer (LGBQ) youth suffer from depression. Identifying modifiable risk and protective factors for depression can inform the development of psychosocial interventions. The aim of this review is to evaluate the methodological characteristics and summarize the substantive findings of studies examining psychosocial risk and protective factors for depression among LGBQ youth. Eight bibliographic databases were searched, and 35 studies that met all inclusion criteria were included for review. Results show that prominent risk factors for depression include internalized LGBQ-related oppression, stress from hiding and managing a socially stigmatized identity, maladaptive coping, parental rejection, abuse and other traumatic events, negative interpersonal interactions, negative religious experiences, school bullying victimization, and violence victimization in community settings. Prominent protective factors include a positive LGBQ identity, self-esteem, social support from friends, and family support. LGBQ youth may face an array of threats to their mental health originating from multiple socioecological levels.

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Authors: Hall, W. J.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Corresponding author: Hall, William J.
ORCID: Hall, William J.
Venue: Journal of Homosexuality
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2017-05-23
Volume: 65
Issue: 3
Pages: 263-316
ISSN: 0091-8369 (ISSN-L)
1540-3602
DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2017.1317467
PMC: PMC5634914
OpenAlex: W2605795426
Cited by: 238
References: 157
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 2
FWCI: 2.07
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Journal of Homosexuality (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (T32 MH019117)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
Keywords: depression, LGBQ youth, psychosocial risk factors, protective factors, internalized oppression, identity concealment, social stigma, maladaptive coping, parental rejection, school bullying, violent victimization, self-esteem, social support, family support, mental health
MeSH terms: Sexual and Gender Minorities, Adolescent, Depression, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Social Identification, Stress, Psychological

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Psychosocial Risk and Protective Factors for Depression Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Youth: A Systematic Review

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