The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Automated Subject Indexing: An Overview
Open accessAbstract
In the face of the ever-increasing document volume, libraries around the globe are more and more exploring (semi-) automated approaches to subject indexing. This helps sustain bibliographic objectives, enrich metadata, and establish more connections across documents from various collections, effectively leading to improved information retrieval and access. However, generally accepted automated approaches that are functional in operative systems are lacking. This article aims to provide an overview of basic principles used for automated subject indexing, major approaches in relation to their possible application in actual library systems, existing working examples, as well as related challenges calling for further research.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Automated Knowledge Organization AI ML based Subject Indexing System for Libraries
Ahmed, M., Mukhopadhyay, M., & Mukhopadhyay, P. (2023) · DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology · doi:10.14429/djlit.43.01.18619 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Golub, K.
- Affiliations
- Linnaeus University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Golub, Koraljka
- ORCID
- Golub, Koraljka
- Venue
- Cataloging & Classification Quarterly
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-11-17
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 702-719
- ISSN
- 0163-9374 (ISSN-L)
- 1544-4554
- OpenAlex
- W4200286084
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 3.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cataloging & Classification Quarterly (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Library Science and Information Systems
- Social Sciences › Library and Information Sciences › Library Science and Information
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Advanced Text Analysis Techniques
- Keywords
- subject indexing, library automation, metadata enrichment, information retrieval, bibliographic control, library systems, controlled vocabulary
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Automated Subject Indexing: An Overview. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/01639374.2021.2012311
- The paper
- Golub, K. (2021). Automated Subject Indexing: An Overview. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2021.2012311
