The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Labor in Informational Capitalism and on the Internet
Abstract
This article argues that in informational capitalism, the notion of class should not be confined to capital as one class and wage labor as the other class. The notion of class needs to be expanded to include everybody who creates and recreates spaces of common experience, such as user-generated content on the Internet, through their practices. These spaces and experiences are appropriated and thereby expropriated and exploited by capital to accumulate capital. The rise of informational capitalism requires us to rethink the notion of class and to relate the class concept to knowledge labor.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Therefore it is better to speak in the case of Facebook and other corporate social media of Internet prosumer commodification (Fuchs 2010).”
From Dallas Smythe Today - The Audience Commodity, the Digital Labour Debate, Marxist Political Economy and Critical Theory (2012) · cites this paper as Fuchs 2010
In the citing paper
“Due to the permanent activity of the recipients and their status as prosumers, we can say that in the case of corporate social media the audience commodity is an Internet prosumer commodity (Fuchs 2010).”
From Dallas Smythe Today - The Audience Commodity, the Digital Labour Debate, Marxist Political Economy and Critical Theory (2012) · cites this paper as Fuchs 2010
In the citing paper
“If Internet users become productive prosumers, then in terms of Marxian class theory this means that they become productive labourers who produce surplus value and are exploited by capital because for Marx productive labour generates surplus value (Fuchs 2010).”
From Dallas Smythe Today - The Audience Commodity, the Digital Labour Debate, Marxist Political Economy and Critical Theory (2012) · cites this paper as Fuchs 2010
Citations
Cites
Hegemony and Socialist Strategy
Mouffe, C., & Laclau, E. (1985) · Cited by 12,173
The Rise of the Creative Class
Florida, R. L. (2002) · Cited by 4,537
Toffler, A. (1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,357
The Making of the English Working Class.
Smelser, N. J., & Thompson, E. P. (1966) · History and Theory · doi:10.2307/2504519 · Cited by 4,319
The Coming of the Post-Industrial Society
Bell, D. (1976) · The Educational Forum · doi:10.1080/00131727609336501 · Cited by 2,777
Terranova, T. (2000) · Social Text · doi:10.1215/01642472-18-2_63-33 · Cited by 1,749 · cited 1×
“Internet users as a new class: Terranova (2000) argues that Internet users constitute a kind of free labor that is exploited by capital.”
BackgroundManifesto Of The Communist Party
Marx, K., & Engels, F. (2011) · Lexington Books · doi:10.4324/9781315742564-13 · Cited by 1,606
The Making of the English Working Class
McQueen, H., & Thompson, E. P. (1968) · Labour History · doi:10.2307/27507914 · Cited by 1,310
Theories of the Information Society
Webster, F. (2014) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315867854 · Cited by 1,306
Class Counts: Comparative Studies in Class Analysis
Devine, F., & Wright, E. O. (1997) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.2307/591617 · Cited by 829
Research works printed but not linked: 25
- Barbrook R., 2006, The class of the new
- Beck U., 1983, Soziale Welt, Sonderband 2, 35
- Berardi F., 2003, What is the meaning of autonomy?
- Bourdieu P., 1986, Distinction
- Brooks D., 2000, Bobos in paradise
- Bruns, A. Produsage, Generation X, and their effects on the democratic process. Proceedings of the conference: Media in transition 5, MIT, Boston. http://web.mit.edu/comm-forum/mit5/papers/Bruns.pdf(accessed August 2008)
- Castells M., 2000, The rise of the network society
- 2007, Income poverty in the European Union
- Fuchs C., 2008, Perspectives on work, 235
- Hardt M., 2000, Empire
- Hardt M., 2004, Multitude
- Harvey D., 2010, A companion guide to Marx's Capital
- Luxemburg R., 1913, Die Akkumulation des Kapitals
- Margonelli L., 1999, Wired, 7
- Marx K., 1857, Grundrisse
- Marx K., 1867, Capital: Volume I
- Marx K., 1885, Capital: Volume II
- Marx K., 1894, Capital: Volume III
- Negri A., 1991, Marx beyond Marx
- Thompson E. P., 1960, New Left Review, 1, 3
- Thompson E. P., 1960, New Left Review, 1, 18
- Van Dijk J., 2005, The deepening divide
- Van Parijs P., 1995, Real freedom for all
- Werlhof von C., 1991, Was haben die Hühner mit dem Dollar zu tun? Frauen und Ökonomie
- Žižek S., 2009, New Left Review, 57, 43
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–600 of 629
Alighting the Milkmen, Bridegrooms, and Vagabonds: On Capital and Language
Webb, G. (2016) · Stream Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication · doi:10.21810/strm.v7i2.153
Jacobs, K. O. S. (2018) · Stream Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication · doi:10.21810/strm.v10i1.250
Utbytting i den digitale fabrikken
Gjerde, L. E. L. (2021) · Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift · doi:10.18261/issn.2535-2512-2021-02-01
McGuigan, L. (2011) · Scholarship@Western (Western University)
Comunal, colaborativa y libre: enseñanzas de la cultura libre para la investigación social
Calvo, D. (2021) · Athenea Digital Revista de pensamiento e investigación social · doi:10.5565/rev/athenea.2788
Medzini, R. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3490198
From Gangnam to global: K-pop transcultural fan labour and South Korean soft power
Proctor, J. (2021) · Summit (Simon Fraser University)
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-005
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-009
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-002
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-003
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-006
(2018) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-78756-495-420181010
Digital Labor, Labor Precarity, and Basic Income
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-007
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-004
Murphy, J. T., & Carmody, P. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118751282.bref
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-001
Trabajo creativo :experiencias freelance en la industria audiovisual
Hernández, R. E. M. (2016) · doi:10.24275/uami.xp68kg235
Profit Sharing Models for Social Media in Big Data Commercialized Crises
Chen, T., & Tung, Y.-H. (2022) · Advances in social networking and online communities book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-9640-1.ch012
(2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007180-008
Ortega, J. L. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100592-7.00001-0
‘FIND LOVE IN CANADA’: DISTRIBUTED SELVES, ABSTRACTION AND THE PROBLEM OF PRIVACY AND AUTONOMY
Miller, V. (2015) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781473910287.n4
Lund, A., & Zukerfeld, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-28219-6_1
Jemielniak, D. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198839705.003.0001
Jemielniak, D. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198839705.003.0005
van, J. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190889760.003.0005
van, J. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190889760.003.0009
Jemielniak, D. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198839705.003.0002
Gregory, K. (2017) · The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology · doi:10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos0992
van, J. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190889760.003.0001 · Cited by 1
Tech Industries Pattern Case Study in Modern Society Based on Political Economy
Baporikar, N. (2022) · International Journal of Applied Management Sciences and Engineering · doi:10.4018/ijamse.302901
(2022) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-80455-021-220221013
Creative Activities and Collaboration on Web 2.0: Towards a New Typology of Prosumption
Žilinskaitė, R. (2022) · Sociologija Mintis ir veiksmas · doi:10.15388/socmintvei.2021.1.30
Digital Health: Data Traps at Our Fingertips
Kuntsman, A., & Miyake, E. (2022) · University of Westminster Press eBooks · doi:10.16997/book61.b
Smart Cities: The Loss of the "Aura" and Post-Panoptics in the Age of Digital Control
Figueirôa-Ferreira, V. G., Borchers, T., & Fernandes, R. A. S. (2022) · Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades · doi:10.17271/23188472108020223343
Sikka, T. (2022) · Philosophy of engineering and technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-07877-4_4
(2019) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83867-937-820191012
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-009
THE MUSIC SUPPLY CHAIN AFTER THE COMPOSER:
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-005
IT’S A MAN’S, MAN’S, MAN’S, MAN’S WORLD
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-007
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-004
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-006
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-003
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-011
NEOLIBERALIZATION AS (SELF-) EXPLOITATION
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-008
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-010
GROUP PRODUCTION, THE COLLECTIVE LABORER, SUPPLY CHAINS, AND FIELDS
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-002
(2023) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478024446-001
Duguay, S. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.003.0003
(2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.002.0007
(2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.002.0008
Digital Mediations of Sexual Identity and Personal Disclosure
Duguay, S. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.003.0001
Duguay, S. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.003.0004
(2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.002.0004
Duguay, S. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.005.0001
Duguay, S. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.003.0005
(2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190076184.002.0003
Tecnopolíticas contemporáneas: inteligencia artificial, algoritmos y biotecnología
Ayala-Colqui, J., Rodríguez, S. A., & Filinich, R. (2023) · Desde el Sur Revista de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de la Universidad Científica del Sur · doi:10.21142/des-1502-2023-0016
Žižek, S., Willems, B. D., Barria‐Asenjo, N. A., Perunovi´c, A., Balotol, R., Salas, G., & Caycho‐Rodríguez, T. (2023) · Bajo Palabra · doi:10.15366/bp2023.32.002
Kaufmann, M. (2023) · Bristol University Press eBooks · doi:10.51952/9781529233605.bm003
Bencherki, N. (2023) · Communication & management · doi:10.3917/comma.201.0015
Asih, I. W. (2023) · Advances in economics, business and management research/Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research · doi:10.2991/978-94-6463-290-3_16
(2024) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/14329.003.0011
Staab, P. (2024) · Manchester University Press eBooks · doi:10.7765/9781526172174.00014
‘View from the window’: On time, politics and domestics during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Genova, N. (2024) · Time & Society · doi:10.1177/0961463x241237393
Lim, J.-S. (2024) · Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies · doi:10.20879/kjjcs.2024.68.1.001
Public Value, Values, and Public Services
Kinder, T., & Stenvall, J. (2024) · Springer texts in business and economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-43230-9_3
Kinder, T., & Stenvall, J. (2024) · Springer texts in business and economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-43230-9_12
Knowledge Control and the Spectacle
Hermeto, J. R. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-49967-8_4
Melihat ‘Yang Banyak’ pada Web3 melalui Pemikiran Antonio Negri
Aprianti, P., & Bawotong, A. C. (2024) · MELINTAS · doi:10.26593/mel.v39i3.7827
BEYOND GROWTH: SHIFTING THE PARADIGM BY EMBRACING MATURITY
Pizzul, D. (2024) · Glocalism Journal of Culture Politics and Innovation · doi:10.54103/gjcpi.2024.23120
Kant, T. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190905088.002.0003
Kant, T. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190905088.002.0007
Kant, T. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190905088.005.0001
Kant, T. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190905088.002.0005
Research on the Alienation of Digital Labor from the Perspective of Marx’s Alienation Labor Theory
张, 玉. (2024) · Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.12677/ass.2024.135379
Jemielniak, D. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198839705.002.0004
Jemielniak, D. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198839705.002.0007
Jemielniak, D. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198839705.002.0006
Jemielniak, D. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198839705.002.0003
‘I Don’t Play Games’: Migrant Workers and Digital Media in Bengaluru
Rajappa, A., & Sawhney, R. (2024) · Society and Culture in South Asia · doi:10.1177/23938617241256238
Towards an Ontology of Capitalist Knowledge Production: Beyond the Metaphysical Epistemic
Hermeto, J. R. (2024) · Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-69300-7_26
Chu, D. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199756841-0310
Corporate Governance: Towards the New Capitalism
Falco, S. E. D. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-74089-3_2
Research on Value Creation in Digital Labor—Based on Marx’s Labor Theory of Value
谷, 家. (2024) · Advances in Philosophy · doi:10.12677/acpp.2024.1312481
From bytes to bites. Data capitalism and food delivery business in Europe
Metra, R., & Dobelniece, S. (2024) · Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development"/Economic Science for Rural Development · doi:10.22616/esrd.2024.58.032
Noviani, R., Nugroho, H., Widhyharto, D. S., & Indriani, L. D. (2025) · Continuum · doi:10.1080/10304312.2025.2471079
Marx and Public Services for Cities
Kinder, T. (2025) · Contributions to Public Administration and Public Policy · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-81140-1_14
Qiu, J. L., Gregg, M., & Crawford, K. (2025) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119981831.ch22
Digital Labor and Digital Capitalism
Fuchs, C. (2025) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119981831.ch19
Self-citationArvidsson, A. (2025) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119981831.ch21
Algorithmic Management in Italy: Four Perspectives
Bruni, A. (2025) · Diversity and inclusion research · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-81938-4_30
van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & de Waal, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190889760.002.0005
van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & de Waal, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190889760.002.0007
van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & de Waal, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190889760.002.0003
Machado, J. D. S., & Toledo, L. F. (2025) · International Journal of Digital Law · doi:10.47975/digital.law.vol.5.n.3.machado
The labor of love: romance authors and platform solidarity
Larson, C. (2025) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1093/joc/jqaf011
Metadata
- Authors
- Fuchs, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Salzburg (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Fuchs, Christian
- ORCID
- Fuchs, Christian
- Venue
- The Information Society
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-04-30
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 179-196
- ISSN
- 0197-2243 (ISSN-L)
- 1087-6537
- OpenAlex
- W2115906093
- Cited by
- 630
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 90.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Information Society (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Economy and Marxism
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Economy and Work Transformation
- Social Sciences › General Social Sciences › Information Society and Technology Trends
- Keywords
- information capitalism, class, labor, user-generated content, internet, common experience, appropriations, expropriation, capital accumulation, class analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
