Mind full or mindful: a report on mindfulness and psychological health in healthy adolescents
Open accessAbstract
Mindfulness is defined as a non-judgemental awareness and accepting of present-moment experience. With intentional attendance to one's ongoing stream of thoughts, sensations and emotions as they arise, it allows the individual to react with less impulsivity and flexibility. However, empirical findings of mindfulness to date have largely been confined to outcome studies using clinical populations. This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between mindfulness, self-esteem, resiliency and mental health symptoms (anxiety, stress, depression and cognitive inflexibility) in a sample of 106 healthy adolescents. Participants completed a set of questionnaires. First, we found moderate effect size for anxiety, depression and self-esteem and large effect size for cognitive inflexibility. These results, when compared with clinical samples, demonstrated similar trends found in a healthy adolescent sample. Second, predictive value of mindfulness was examined and we found significant contribution of mindfulness to mental and psychological health.
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Psychological inflexibility is correlated with greater symptoms of emotional disorders as well as lower self-esteem, lower quality of life, poorer social skills, and lower academic competence.
“Studies on healthy adolescents have shown that psychological inflexibility is correlated with greater symptoms of emotional disorders as well as lower self-esteem [8, 22, 38], lower quality of life, poorer social skills, and lower academic competence [17].”
From Internet-based UP-A intervention on treatment of stress, anxiety, depression, and psychological flexibility among adolescents with sub-clinical diagnosis of emotional disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: a clinical trial (2024) · cites this paper as [38]
The Measures section (page not provided) says higher psychological inflexibility scores were associated with lower quality of life. It does not report associations with social skills or academic competence; an example questionnaire item about doing worse in school is not evidence of the latter association. The earlier claims about emotional symptoms and self-esteem have separate citations in the citing sentence. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredOnly one study explored the links between dispositional mindfulness and depressive symptoms in younger participants aged 13-18, also finding that DM is negatively associated with depression.
“Only one study out of these explored the links between DM and depressive symptoms in younger participants aged 13–18, also finding that DM is negatively associated with depression (Tan and Martin 2016).”
From Dispositional Mindfulness and Psychological Health: a Systematic Review (2018) · cites this paper as Tan and Martin 2016
The few papers that do detail data screening have normally distributed data with assumptions met for statistical analysis.
“However, the few that do (e.g. Tan and Martin 2016) have normally distributed data with assumptions being met for statistical analysis.”
From Dispositional Mindfulness and Psychological Health: a Systematic Review (2018) · cites this paper as Tan and Martin 2016
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References 28 · Cited by 101
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2nd ed.). New York: Erlbaum.
- Earles, J. (1987). Recovery and resilience in children. New York: Guilford Press.
- Hayes, S.C., Wilson, K.W., Gifford, E.V., Follette, V.M., and Stroshl, K. (1996). Experiential avoidance and treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 1152-1168.
- Prince-Embury, S. (2006). Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents: Profiles of personal strengths. San Antonio, USA: NCS Pearson, Psych Corporation.
- Authors
- Tan, L. B. G., & Martin, G.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Lucy B.G.
- Venue
- International Journal of Adolescence and Youth
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-09-03
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 64-74
- ISSN
- 0267-3843 (ISSN-L)
- 2164-4527
- OpenAlex
- W2087156412
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Adolescence and Youth (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline - JCU (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- mindfulness, adolescents, self-esteem, resilience, anxiety, depression, stress, cognitive inflexibility, mental health, healthy adolescents
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