CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 141Gender Studies in LanguageGender, Sexuality, and EducationMedia, Gender, and Advertising

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Gender representation in the public sector schools textbooks of Pakistan

Ullah, Hazir, Skelton, Christine·2013·Educational Studies
DOI 10.1080/03055698.2012.702892
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This paper examines gender biases in school textbooks after a decade long effort by the ministry of education (MoE) Pakistan and international organisation (IOs) to eliminate all forms of gender inequality in education. The intention underpinning these initiatives was to nurture a view of gender equality based consciousness through the introduction of more positive gendered images into school textbooks in Pakistan. However, the study discussed in this paper discovered that schools textbooks are still embedded with gender-biased messages and stereotypical representations of male and females. Gender biases in 24 textbooks (Urdu, English and Social Studies) from class 1 to 8 were analysed with the help of a qualitative content analysis approach. The paper draws attention to the insouciant approach taken by the MoE and IOs towards the goal of gender equality. The study found that, despite the prevailing claims of achievements, the new textbooks are ideologically invested – and contribute to the perpetuation of gender inequality. In this context, the gender blindness of the curriculum designers and textbook authors is a matter of serious concern.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/03055698.2012.702892

Cites

28 of 28 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 29 references

1 of the 29 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 18

  1. Adler , S. , Laney , J. and Packer , M. 1993 . Managing women , Milton Keynes : Open University Press .
  2. Anwar , Muhammad . 1982 . Images of male and female roles in school and college textbooks , Islamabad : Women’s Division Govt. of Pakistan .
  3. Baker , C. and Peter , F. 1989 . Children’s first school books: Introduction to culture of literacy , Cambridge : Blackwell .
  4. Bedward , J. and Williams , A. 2000 . “ Girls’ experience of physical education: Voting with their feet ” . In Primary school physical education: Research into practice , Edited by: Williams , A. 106 – 18 . London : Routledge .
  5. Davies , B. 1993 . “ Beyond dualism and towards multiple subjectivities ” . In Texts of desire , Edited by: Christian-Smith , L. 45 – 68 . New York , NY : Falmer .
  6. Flintoff , A. 1993 . “ Gender, physical education and teacher education ” . In Equality and physical education , Edited by: Evans , J. 74 – 90 . London : Falmer .
  7. Govt. of Pakistan . 2002 . Education sector reforms: Action plan 2001–2005 , Islamabad : Ministry of Education .
  8. Jafri , R. 1994 . Gender bias and female education in Pakistan , Lahore : Aurat Foundation .
  9. Khalid Khurshid , K. , Iram , G. and Muhammad , A.H. 2010 . A study of the representation of female image in the textbooks of English and Urdu at secondary school level . Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences (PJSS) , 30 ( 2 ) : 425 – 437 .
  10. Khan S.A. 2007. Gender issue in higher education in Pakistan. http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cgee20 (accessed February 28 2012).
  11. Ministry of Education . 2008 . Draft document: National education policy 2008 , Islamabad : Government of Pakistan .
  12. Paechter , C. 2001 . “ Using poststructuralist ideas in gender theory and research ” . In Investigating gender , Edited by: Francis , B. and Skelton , C. 41 – 3 . Buckingham : Open Univeristy Press .
  13. Paechter , C. 2007 . Being boys, being girls , Maidenhead : Open University Press/ McGraw-Hill .
  14. Sajjadi , S. 2004 . The representation of social actors in the EFL high school textbooks in Iran, 37th Annual BAAL Meeting Abstracts , London : Kings’ College . 143
  15. Skelton C. 2011. Gender and reading schemes. Paper presented at the British educational research association annual conference September 6–8 Institute of Education University of London.
  16. Treichler , P. and Frank , F. 1989 . “ Introduction: Scholarship, feminism, and language change ” . In Language, gender and professional writing; Theoretical approaches and guidelines for nonsexist usage , Edited by: Frank , F. and Treichler , P. 1 – 32 . New York , NY : MLA .
  17. UNESCO . 2004 . Gender analysis of school curriculum and textbooks , Islamabad : UNESCO .
  18. Walkerdine , V. 1990 . Schoolgirl fictions , London : Verso .

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 101–140 of 140

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Ullah, H., & Skelton, C.
Affiliations
  • International Islamic University, Islamabad (PK)
  • University of Birmingham (GB)
Corresponding author
Ullah, Hazir
ORCID
Ullah, Hazir
Venue
Educational Studies
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2012-07-04
Volume
39
Issue
2
Pages
183-194
ISSN
  • 0305-5698 (ISSN-L)
  • 1465-3400
DOI
10.1080/03055698.2012.702892
OpenAlex
W2001030071
Cited by
141
References
29
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
2.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Educational Studies (publishedVersion, public-domain)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Studies in Language
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Sexuality, and Education
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Media, Gender, and Advertising
Keywords
gender representation, gender bias, school textbooks, gender equality in education, gender stereotypes, curriculum development, textbook authors, gender blindness, Pakistan, public schools

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review