Assessing willingness to test for HIV among men who have sex with men using conjoint analysis, evidence for uptake of the FDA-approved at-home HIV test
Open accessAbstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA, represent a vulnerable population with lower rates of HIV testing. There are various specific attributes of HIV testing that may impact willingness to test (WTT) for HIV. Identifying specific attributes influencing patients' decisions around WTT for HIV is critical to ensure improved HIV testing uptake. This study examined WTT for HIV by using conjoint analysis, an innovative method for systematically estimating consumer preferences across discrete attributes. WTT for HIV was assessed across eight hypothetical HIV testing scenarios varying across seven dichotomous attributes: location (home vs. clinic), price (free vs. $50), sample collection (finger prick vs. blood), timeliness of results (immediate vs. 1-2 weeks), privacy (anonymous vs. confidential), results given (by phone vs. in-person), and type of counseling (brochure vs. in-person). Seventy-five MSM were recruited from a community-based organization providing HIV testing services in Los Angeles to participate in conjoint analysis. WTT for HIV score was based on a 100-point scale. Scores ranged from 32.2 to 80.3 for eight hypothetical HIV testing scenarios. Price of HIV testing (free vs. $50) had the highest impact on WTT (impact score = 31.4, SD = 29.2, p<0.0001), followed by timeliness of results (immediate vs. 1-2 weeks) (impact score = 13.9, SD = 19.9, p≤0.0001) and testing location (home vs. clinic) (impact score = 10.3, SD = 22.8, p=0.0002). Impacts of other HIV testing attributes were not significant. Conjoint analysis method enabled direct assessment of HIV testing preferences and identified specific attributes that significantly impact WTT for HIV among MSM. This method provided empirical evidence to support the potential uptake of the newly FDA-approved over-the-counter HIV home test kit with immediate results, with cautionary note on the cost of the kit.
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Sample size for conjoint analysis was selected based on literature review and is consistent with other similar conjoint analysis pilots that have generated statistically meaningful results.
“Sample size for conjoint analysis was selected based on literature review and is consistent with other similar conjoint analysis pilots that have generated statistically meaningful results [43–46].”
From Acceptability of HPV vaccination for cervical cancer prevention amongst emerging adult women in rural Mysore, India: a mixed-methods study (2024) · cites this paper as [45]
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Coursey, K., Muralidhar, K., Srinivas, V., Jaykrishna, P., Begum, F., Ningaiah, N., Lee, S.-J., & Madhivanan, P. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-19485-8 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Lee, S.-J., Brooks, R., Bolan, R. K., & Flynn, R.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Los Angeles LGBT Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Sung-Jae
- Venue
- AIDS Care
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-05-07
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1592-1598
- ISSN
- 0954-0121 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0451
- PMC
- PMC3751974
- OpenAlex
- W2163086616
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 2.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- AIDS Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000124)
- National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH085503, MH58107, P30MH058107)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P30AI028697)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Keywords
- HIV testing, willingness to test, men who have sex with men, consumer preferences, privacy, HIV counseling, HIV testing uptake
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Confidentiality, Counseling, Data Interpretation, Statistical, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic, Time Factors, Los Angeles, AIDS Serodiagnosis, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Health Care Surveys, Young Adult
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