Efficacy of delayed administration of sargramostim up to 120 hours post exposure in a nonhuman primate total body radiation model
Open accessAbstract
Background High dose ionizing radiation exposure is associated with myelo-depression leading to pancytopenia and the expected clinical manifestations of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). Herein, we evaluated the efficacy of sargramostim (Leukine ® , yeast-derived rhu GM-CSF), with regimens delivered at 48, 72, 96, or 120 h after radiation exposure. Methods A randomized and blinded nonhuman primate (NHP) study was conducted to assess the effects of sargramostim treatment on ARS. NHPs were exposed to total body radiation (LD 83/60 or lethal dose 83% by Day 60) and were randomized to groups receiving daily subcutaneous dosing of sargramostim starting from either 48, 72, 96, or 120 h post-irradiation. Additionally, separate groups receiving sargramostim treatment at 48 h post-irradiation also received prophylactic treatment with azithromycin. Sargramostim treatment of each animal continued until the preliminary absolute neutrophil count (ANC) returned to ≥1000/μL post-nadir for three consecutive days or the preliminary ANC exceeded 10,000/μL, which amounted to be an average of 15.95 days for all treatment groups. Prophylactic administration of enrofloxacin was included in the supportive care given to all animals in all groups. All animals were monitored for 60 days post-irradiation for mortality, hematological parameters, and sepsis. Results Delayed sargramostim treatment at 48 h post-irradiation significantly reduced mortality ( p = .0032) and improved hematological parameters inc…
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Zhong et al. confirmed the efficacy of Leukine reported by Clayton et al. when the drug was administered 48 hours post-total-body irradiation.
“Zhong et al. confirmed efficacy of Leukine® reported by Clayton et al. when the drug was administered 48-hours post-TBI.”
From Medical countermeasures for the hematopoietic-subsyndrome of acute radiation syndrome in space (2022) · cites this paper as Zhong et al., 2021
The further improvement in hematological parameters with Leukine was maintained even after delaying the initiation of treatment to 120 hours post-total-body irradiation.
“The further improvement in hematological parameters was maintained even after delaying the initiation of treatment to 120-hours post-TBI.”
From Medical countermeasures for the hematopoietic-subsyndrome of acute radiation syndrome in space (2022) · cites this paper as Zhong et al., 2021
A numerical improvement in survival in the Leukine-treated arms was observed up to 96 hours post-exposure, although only the 48-hour treatment window reached statistical significance.
“A numerical improvement in survival in the Leukine®-treated arms was observed up to 96-hours post-exposure, although only the 48-treatment window reached statistical significance (Zhong et al., 2021).”
From Medical countermeasures for the hematopoietic-subsyndrome of acute radiation syndrome in space (2022) · cites this paper as Zhong et al., 2021
There was a significant reduction in mortality among Leukine-treated animals compared to vehicle controls (p = 0.0032).
“There was a significant reduction in mortality among Leukine® treated animals compared to the vehicle-controls (p = 0.0032).”
From Medical countermeasures for the hematopoietic-subsyndrome of acute radiation syndrome in space (2022) · cites this paper as Zhong et al., 2021
The Leukine-driven improvement in survival was associated with shortened mean duration of lymphocytopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.
“The Leukine®-driven improvement in survival was associated with shortened mean duration of lymphocytopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.”
From Medical countermeasures for the hematopoietic-subsyndrome of acute radiation syndrome in space (2022) · cites this paper as Zhong et al., 2021
No citation lists for this paper
No citation lists for this paper yet — checked again daily.
References 45 · Cited by 52
- Authors
- Zhong, Y., Pouliot, M., Downey, A.-M., Mockbee, C., Roychowdhury, D., Wierzbicki, W., & Authier, S.
- Affiliations
- Citoxlab, Laval, Canada
- Partner Therapeutics, Inc, Boston, MA, USA
- Corresponding author
- Authier, Simon
- Venue
- International Journal of Radiation Biology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-09-22
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- sup1
- Pages
- S100-S116
- ISSN
- 0955-3002 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-3095
- OpenAlex
- W3088204980
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 3.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Radiation Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (HHSO100201300005I)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Keywords
- sargramostim, GM-CSF, radiation sickness, total body irradiation, delayed administration, myelosuppression, neutrophil recovery, lymphocyte recovery, platelet recovery, sepsis, azithromycin prophylaxis, enrofloxacin, survival, nonhuman primate model, hematopoietic growth factors
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Macaca mulatta, Recombinant Proteins, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Azithromycin, Sepsis, Acute Radiation Syndrome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
