The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Improved interoceptive awareness in chronic low back pain: a comparison of Back school versus Feldenkrais method
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of the Feldenkrais method for relieving pain in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and the improvement of interoceptive awareness. METHOD: This study was designed as a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Fifty-three patients with a diagnosis of CLBP for at least 3 months were randomly allocated to the Feldenkrais (mean age 61.21 ± 11.53 years) or Back School group (mean age 60.70 ± 11.72 years). Pain was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), disability was evaluated with the Waddel Disability Index, quality of life was measured with the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), and mind-body interactions were studied using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness Questionnaire (MAIA). Data were collected at baseline, at the end of treatment, and at the 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: The two groups were matched at baseline for all the computed parameters. At the end of treatment (Tend), there were no significant differences between groups regarding chronic pain reduction (p = 0.290); VAS and MAIA-N sub scores correlated at Tend (R = 0.296, p = 0.037). By the Friedman analysis, both groups experienced significant changes in pain (p < 0.001) and disability (p < 0.001) along the investigated period. CONCLUSIONS: The Feldenkrais method has comparable efficacy as Back School in CLBP. Implications for rehabilitation The Feldenkrais method is a mind-body therapy that is based on awareness through movement lessons, which are verbally guided explorations of movement that are conducted by a physiotherapist who is experienced and trained in this method. It aims to increase self-awareness, expand a person's repertoire of movements, and to promote increased functioning in contexts in which the entire body cooperates in the execution of movements. Interoceptive awareness, which improves with rehabilitation, has a complex function in the perception of chronic pain and should be investigated further in future research. The efficacy of the Feldenkrais method is comparable with that of BS for nonspecific chronic low back pain. The physician can recommend a body-mind rehabilitation approach, such as the Feldenkrais method, or an educational and rehabilitation program, such as BS, to the patient, based on his individual needs. The 2 rehabilitation approaches are equally as effective in improving interoceptive awareness.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This is in line with the improvements reported for the subscale of Emotional Awareness in several studies [114,115,116,119,120,123,130,135] and other information related to emotion regulation.”
From Interoceptive Ability and Emotion Regulation in Mind–Body Interventions: An Integrative Review (2024) · cites this paper as [135]
Citations
Cites
How do you feel? Interoception: The sense of the physiological condition of the body
Craig, A. D. (2002) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn894 · Cited by 6,006
Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art.
Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Linton, S. J. (2000) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00242-0 · Cited by 4,931
HUSKISSON, E. C. (1974) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)90884-8 · Cited by 4,533
Ware, J. E. (2000) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200012150-00008 · Cited by 4,455
Epidemiological features of chronic low-back pain
Andersson, G. B. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01312-4 · Cited by 3,181
Crombez, G., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Heuts, P. H. T. G., & Lysens, R. (1999) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(98)00229-2 · Cited by 1,675
The multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness (MAIA)
Mehling, W. E., Price, C., Daubenmier, J. J., Acree, M., Bartmess, E., & Stewart, A. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048230 · Cited by 1,429
The Italian SF-36 Health Survey
Apolone, G., & Mosconi, P. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00094-8 · Cited by 1,169
Pain and the Neuromatrix in the Brain
Melzack, R. (2001) · Journal of Dental Education · doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2001.65.12.tb03497.x · Cited by 916
The adult spine: Principles and practice
Hughes, S. P. F. (1991) · Neuromuscular Disorders · doi:10.1016/0960-8966(91)90115-9 · Cited by 827
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- Paolucci T, 2012, Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 48, 245
- Morone G, 2011, Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 47, 533
- Ohry A, 2000, Isr Med Assoc J, 2, 66
- 10.1016/S1051-9815(98)00020-5 · DOI
- Webb R, 2013, Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 479142
- Melzack R., 1975, Pain, 103, 199
- 10.1097/01.brs.0000182227.33627.15 · DOI
- Kamper SJ, 2014, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 9, CD000963
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain
Hayden, J. A., Ellis, J., Ogilvie, R., Malmivaara, A., & van Tulder, M. W. (2021) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009790.pub2 · Cited by 589
Ho, E. K.-Y., Chen, L., Simic, M., Ashton-James, C. E., Comachio, J., Wang, D. X. M., Hayden, J. A., Ferreira, M. L., & Ferreira, P. H. (2022) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2021-067718 · Cited by 220
Chronic low back pain and postural rehabilitation exercise: a literature review
Paolucci, T., Attanasi, C., Cecchini, W., Marazzi, A., Capobianco, S. V., & Santilli, V. (2018) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s171729 · Cited by 114
Self-citationBack Schools for chronic non-specific low back pain
Parreira, P. D. C. S., Heymans, M. W., van Tulder, M. W., Esmail, R., Koes, B. W., Poquet, N., Lin, C. C., & Maher, C. G. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011674.pub2 · Cited by 117
Locatelli, G., MATUS, A. M., James, R., Salmoirago‐Blotcher, E., Ausili, D., Vellone, E., & Riegel, B. J. (2023) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105142 · Cited by 58
Interoceptive Ability and Emotion Regulation in Mind–Body Interventions: An Integrative Review
Lazzarelli, A., Scafuto, F., Crescentini, C., Matiz, A., Orrù, G., Ciacchini, R., Alfì, G., Gemignani, A., & Conversano, C. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14111107 · Cited by 49
Casey, M., Smart, K. M., Segurado, R., & Doody, C. (2020) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000871 · Cited by 38
McSwan, J., Gudin, J. A., Song, X.-J., Plapler, P. G., Betteridge, N., Kechemir, H., Turudic, I. I., & Pickering, G. P. (2021) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s321037 · Cited by 49
Ahmadi, H., Adib, H., Selk-Ghaffari, M., Shafizad, M., Moradi, S., Madani, Z., Partovi, G., & Mahmoodi, A. (2020) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/0269215520947069 · Cited by 36
Gnall, K. E., Sinnott, S. M., Laumann, L. E., Park, C. L., David, A. B., & Emrich, M. (2024) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-023-10249-z · Cited by 37
Movement-Based Therapies in Rehabilitation
Phuphanich, M. E., Droessler, J., Altman, L., & Eapen, B. C. (2020) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2020.07.002 · Cited by 33
Wallman-Jones, A., Palser, E. R., Benzing, V., & Schmidt, M. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-19235-z · Cited by 32
Paolucci, T., Alessandro de, S. I. R. E., Ferrillo, M., di Fabio, D., Molluso, A., Patruno, A., Pesce, M., Lai, C., Ciacchella, C., Saggino, A., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.917956 · Cited by 26
Self-citationManipulation, Traction, and Massage
Atchison, J. W., Tolchin, R. B., Ross, B. S., & Eubanks, J. E. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-62539-5.00016-3 · Cited by 27
Berland, R., Marqués‐Sulé, E., Marín-Mateo, J., Moreno‐Segura, N., López-Ridaura, A., & Sentandreu‐Mañó, T. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192113734 · Cited by 23
Brummer, M., Walach, H., & Schmidt, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02023 · Cited by 21
Hernández-Lucas, P., Leirós‐Rodríguez, R., Mota, J. A. P. S., & Soidán, J. L. G. (2023) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-023-04061-1 · Cited by 21
Spinoni, M., Porpora, M. G., Muzii, L., & Grano, C. (2024) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104640 · Cited by 19
Prevention of Low Back Pain in Adults with a Back School-Based Intervention
Hernández-Lucas, P., Lopez-Barreiro, J., Soidán, J. L. G., & Romo-Pérez, V. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10225367 · Cited by 17
Pain and Interoceptive Awareness Outcomes of Chronic Pain Patients With Spinal Cord Stimulation
Park, Y. L., Hunter, J., Sheldon, B. L., Sabourin, S., DiMarzio, M. D., Khazen, O., & Pilitsis, J. G. (2020) · Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface · doi:10.1111/ner.13318 · Cited by 14
The Effects of Back Schools on Non-Specific Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hernández-Lucas, P., Leirós‐Rodríguez, R., Lopez-Barreiro, J., & Soidán, J. L. G. (2024) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm14030272 · Cited by 15
Evidence for the Effectiveness of the Feldenkrais Method
Stephens, J., & Hillier, S. (2020) · Kinesiology Review · doi:10.1123/kr.2020-0022 · Cited by 13
Celletti, C., Paolucci, T., Maggi, L., Volpi, G., Billi, M., Mollica, R., & Camerota, F. (2021) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2021/6664864 · Cited by 13
Self-citationWallman-Jones, A., Mölders, C., Schmidt, M., & Schärli, A. (2022) · Journal of Dance Education · doi:10.1080/15290824.2021.2009121 · Cited by 19
Reliability of the Heartbeat Tracking Task to Assess Interoception
Santos, L. E. R., Elsangedy, H. M., de Souza, C. F. C. X. M., Mesquita, B. M. D. S., Brietzke, C., Vinícius, Í., Pereira, D. C., Pires, F. O., & Santos, T. M. (2022) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-022-09574-y · Cited by 10
Jimenez-Mazuelas, M. J., de Villar, N. G.-P., Casas-Albendea, S. D., Martínez‐Gimeno, M. L., Jiménez, S., & Carrere, M. T. A. (2024) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.10.041 · Cited by 15
Hernández-Lucas, P., Leirós‐Rodríguez, R., Lopez-Barreiro, J., & Soidán, J. L. G. (2023) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-023-00666-8 · Cited by 12
Tomás-Rodríguez, M. I., García, M. D. R. A., Nouni-García, R., Delicado‐Miralles, M., Sánchez, S. H., & Segura‐Heras, J. V. (2024) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.4700 · Cited by 10
Global physiotherapy approach to thoracolumbar junction syndrome. A case report
Ségui, Y., & Ramírez-Moreno, J. M. (2020) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.10.003 · Cited by 9
Paolucci, T., Alessandro de, S. I. R. E., Agostini, F., Bernetti, A., Salomè, A., Altieri, M., Piero, V. D., Ammendolia, A., Mangone, M., & Paoloni, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.1095180 · Cited by 7
Self-citationUllmann, G., Li, Y., Ray, M. A., & Lee, S. T. (2020) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-020-01633-w · Cited by 8
Martin, S. S., Monica, C. L., Soto, L., & Latocha, V. (2024) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103073 · Cited by 6
Association between interoception and self-care in individuals with cardiovascular disease
Locatelli, G., Ausili, D., & Lee, C. S. (2025) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1093/eurjcn/zvaf106 · Cited by 6
Turvill, A., Maratos, F. A., & Sheffield, D. (2025) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.70176 · Cited by 8
Mézières Method as a practice of embodiment in patients with low back pain: a mixed study
Alfonso-Mora, M. L., Guerra-Balic, M., Martín, R. S., Pedraza, Z., Ramírez-Moreno, J., Garrido, A. L. C., Zambrano-Cristancho, L. K., & Rengifo-Varona, M. L. (2023) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2023.2265379 · Cited by 5
Hernández-Lucas, P., Leirós‐Rodríguez, R., Lopez-Barreiro, J., & Soidán, J. L. G. (2024) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2024.2316313 · Cited by 6
Knowledge and Practices of Back Care, Experience in Colombian Children
Toloza, S. C. M., Guerrero, C. A. J., & Castaño, P. R. L. (2021) · Global Pediatric Health · doi:10.1177/2333794x211023460 · Cited by 5
Calvo, S., Fortún-Rabadán, R., Pérez‐Palomares, S., Carpallo‐Porcar, B., Lafuente-Ureta, R., & Jiménez‐Sánchez, C. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1507730 · Cited by 4
Keskin, M., Turkan, M., Gozluklu, G., Camlica, B., Gogeren, F., Aydin, M. K., & Kaya, D. Ö. (2025) · Pain Management Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2025.03.007 · Cited by 3
Lee, G. T., Himler, P., Rhon, D. I., & Young, J. L. (2023) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.11448 · Cited by 4
Tao, D., Zhong, T., & Wang, J. (2021) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s335240 · Cited by 3
Paolucci, T., Pezzi, L., Coraci, D., Tognolo, L., Pantalone, A., Attanasi, C., Graziani, G., Costa, D. D., Arippa, F., Cichelli, A., et al. (2024) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm14070740 · Cited by 3
Self-citationThe Role of Exercise in Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Symptoms
Matsuwaka, S. T., & Liem, B. C. (2018) · Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports · doi:10.1007/s40141-018-0171-3 · Cited by 4
Mohan, V., Paungmali, A., Sitilertpisan, P., Joseph, L., Ramlan, A., & Ramlan, S. A. (2021) · Physiotherapy Practice and Research · doi:10.3233/ppr-190382 · Cited by 3
Fapojuwo, O. A., Akodu, A. K., & Ositelu, A. E. (2023) · European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.15584/ejcem.2023.2.15 · Cited by 4
Demirel, M., Kaygısız, B. B., Kılıç, S., & Cavlak, U. (2023) · Türk fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon dergisi · doi:10.21653/tjpr.1145896 · Cited by 2
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Lithuanian version of the Spine Functional Index
Vaičienė, G., Berškienė, K., Zaveckas, V., & Tamulionytė, V. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299719
Turcotte, S., Lapointe, M.-È., Shea, C., Rousseau, J., Massé, J., Higgins, J., Rainville, P., Lussier, D., Dubé, F., Genest, C., et al. (2024) · Journal of Ageing and Longevity · doi:10.3390/jal4020007 · Cited by 2
Farra, F. D., Arippa, F., Arru, M., Cocco, M., Porcu, E., Solla, F., & Monticone, M. (2025) · European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.23736/s1973-9087.25.08383-2 · Cited by 2
Feldenkrais-Core Integration Method in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Pilot Study
Maddali‐Bongi, S. (2017) · Journal of Complementary Medicine & Alternative Healthcare · doi:10.19080/jcmah.2017.01.555556 · Cited by 2
Paparo, S. A. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190058869.013.1 · Cited by 2
Ziya, M., Saki, F., & Arjipour, M. (2026) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.103804 · Cited by 1
Computer Kinesiotherapy Movement Simulator
Bratosin, I.-A., Păvăloiu, I.-B., Nicolae, G., Cristina, B. A., Robert, A., & Maria, B. O. (2022) · International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI) · doi:10.1109/ecai54874.2022.9847470 · Cited by 1
La conexión cuerpo, mente y emociones, y su relación con la salud y enfermedad
Garitaonandia, L. I., & Soto, A. C. (2024) · Journal of Neuroeducation · doi:10.1344/joned.v4i2.44240 · Cited by 1
The Effectiveness of Online Feldenkrais Lessons on Somatosensory Tinnitus - A Pilot StudyPreprint
Skuk, V. G., Böer, E., Ivanšić, D., Orawa, H., Herzog, S., Schröder, M., Guntinas‐Lichius, O., & Dobel, C. (2023) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1905.v1
Haplós: Towards Technologies for and Applications of Somaesthetics
Maranan, D. S. (2017) · PEARL (University of Plymouth) · doi:10.24382/817
Fauziah, M. R., Sundari, L. P. R., Wahyuddin, W., Tirtayasa, K., Dewi, N. N. A., & Wulanyani, N. M. S. (2020) · Sport and Fitness Journal · doi:10.24843/spj.2020.v08.i03.p07 · Cited by 1
Ernst, E. K. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-61709-0_9
Ernst, E. K. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12601-8_9
Effect of Hanna Somatic Education on Low Back and Neck Pain Levels
Huang, Q., & Babgi, A. A. (2022) · Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences · doi:10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_580_21
Ernst, E. K. (2022) · Copernicus books · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-10710-8_9
Somatic lessons as a means of improving students' psychophysical condition
Головач, І. І. (2023) · Physical Culture and Sport Scientific Perspective · doi:10.31891/pcs.2023.2
СОМАТИЧНІ ЗАНЯТТЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ПСИХОФІЗИЧНОГО СТАНУ СТУДЕНТІВ
Головач, І. І. (2023) · Physical Culture and Sport Scientific Perspective · doi:10.31891/pcs.2023.2.26
Головач, І. І., Білецька, В. В., & Цикоза, Є. В. (2023) · Physical Culture and Sport Scientific Perspective · doi:10.31891/pcs.2023.3.2
Головач, І. І. (2023) · Physical Culture and Sport Scientific Perspective · doi:10.31891/pcs.2023.4.2
Kinomichi, the therapeutic Aikido. A Systematic Review
Gómez-Lozano, S., Sottile, M. E. G., Zhang, N., Moriggi, S., León, K. F., & Vargas‐Macías, A. (2024) · Cultura Ciencia y Deporte · doi:10.12800/ccd.v19i59.2163
Vaičienė, G., Slapšinskaitė, A., Tamulionytė, V., Zaveckas, V., Daunoravičienė, A., & Berškienė, K. (2024) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2024.2423030
Fahmawati, A. P., & Yuniana, R. (2025) · doi:10.56984/8zga431u0y0
Hernández-Lucas, P., Leirós-Rodríguez, R., Lopez-Barreiro, J., & Soidán, J. L. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26582961
Application of Feldenkrais® Method in Physical Therapy
Miller, T. M., & Stephens, J. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-86558-9_36
Clinical Neuroplasticity in Integrative Primary Care
Takahashi, J. B. (2026) · Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice · doi:10.1016/j.pop.2026.07.010
Metadata
- Authors
- Paolucci, T., Zangrando, F., Iosa, M., De Angelis, S., Marzoli, C., Piccinini, G., & Saraceni, V. M.
- Affiliations
- Policlinico Umberto I (IT)
- Fondazione Santa Lucia (IT)
- Complex Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy;
- Corresponding author
- Paolucci, Teresa
- Venue
- Disability and Rehabilitation
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-05-23
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 994-1001
- ISSN
- 0963-8288 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-5165
- OpenAlex
- W2402049446
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 2.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Disability and Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Myofascial pain diagnosis and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Keywords
- chronic low back pain, Feldenkrais method, back school, interoceptive awareness, mind-body interventions, pain perception, disability, quality of life, movement education, McGill Pain Questionnaire, SF-36 quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Quality of Life, Severity of Illness Index, Single-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome, Low Back Pain, Chronic Pain, Pain Management, Interoception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review