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Cited by 101Psychedelics and Drug StudiesRacial and Ethnic Identity ResearchReligion, Spirituality, and Psychology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

People of color in North America report improvements in racial trauma and mental health symptoms following psychedelic experiences

Open access
Williams, Monnica T., Davis, Alan K., Xin, Yitong, Sepeda, Nathan D., Grigas, Pamela Colón, Sinnott, Sinead, Haeny, Angela M.·2021·Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy
DOI 10.1080/09687637.2020.1854688PMC PMC8330400
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Abstract

This study examined how psychedelics reduced symptoms of racial trauma among black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) subsequent to an experience of racism. A cross-sectional internet-based survey included questions about experiences with racism, mental health symptoms, and acute and enduring psychedelic effects. Changes in mental health were assessed by retrospective report of symptoms in the 30 days before and 30 days after an experience with psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), or 3,4-Methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine (MDMA). We recruited 313 diverse BIPOC in the US and Canada. Results revealed a significant (p < .001) and moderate (d = −.45) reduction in traumatic stress symptoms from before-to-after the psychedelic experience. Similarly, participants reported decreases in depression (p < .001; d = −.52), anxiety (p < .001; d = −.53), and stress (p < .001; d = −.32). There was also a significant relationship (Rc = 0.52, p < .001) between the dimension of acute psychedelic effects (mystical-type, insight, and challenging experiences) and decreases in a cluster of subsequent psychopathology (traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and stress), while controlling for the frequency of prior discrimination and the time since the psychedelic experience. BIPOC have been underrepresented in psychedelic studies. Psychedelics may decrease the negative impact of racial trauma. Future studies should examine the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapy for individuals with a history of race-based trauma.

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Figure 1. Canonical Correlation Analysis (N=313), F20,1009 = 5.571, p < .001; correlation =.52. Variance explained: Set 1 (acute effects): .29; Set 2 (MH variables): .68. Control variables: Time since psychedelic experience occurred and frequency of ethnic discrimination prior to psychedelic experience. ***p<.001.
Figure 1. Canonical Correlation Analysis (N=313), F20,1009 = 5.571, p < .001; correlation =.52. Variance explained: Set 1 (acute effects): .29; Set 2 (MH variables): .68. Control variables: Time since psychedelic experience occurred and frequency of ethnic discrimination prior to psychedelic experience. ***p<.001.CC BY-NC-ND · PubMed Central

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Show all 76 references

Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. Cloitre M., 2009, CNS Spectrums, 14, 32
  2. Davis A. K., Journal of Psychopharmacology
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  4. Pierce C., 1970, The Black seventies, 265
  5. Terwilliger B. G., 2013, Multicultural versus colorblind ideology: Implications for mental health and counseling.
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Metadata

Authors
Williams, M. T., Davis, A. K., Xin, Y., Sepeda, N. D., Grigas, P. C., Sinnott, S., & Haeny, A. M.
Affiliations
  • University of Connecticut (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • The Ohio State University (US)
  • Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
  • Yale University (US)
Corresponding author
Williams, Monnica T.
ORCID
Venue
Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2020-12-10
Volume
28
Issue
3
Pages
215-226
ISSN
  • 0968-7637 (ISSN-L)
  • 1465-3370
DOI
10.1080/09687637.2020.1854688
PMC
PMC8330400
OpenAlex
W3112172827
Cited by
101
References
76
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 10
FWCI
5.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Drugs Education Prevention and Policy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • University of Ottawa
  • Canada Research Chairs Program
  • National Institutes of Health (26, 63)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
Keywords
psychedelics, racial trauma, BIPOC, psilocybin, LSD, MDMA, racism, traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, stress, mystical experience, psychedelic therapy, mental health

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