Effect of different dietary patterns on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
Abstract
Different dietary patterns have been positively related to the glycemic control of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, consensual dietary pattern for these individuals is not established. We aimed to evaluate the effects of adopting different dietary patterns on glycemic control markers of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Lilacs, Open Thesis and Google Scholar databases were searched using the Medical Subject Headings and terms related to dietary pattern and glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Interventional studies with adults of this population without diabetes-related complications, presenting data on percentage of glycated hemoglobin, and dietary patterns were included. In vitro, animal, reviews, observational, and studies with children, adolescents, pregnant and breastfeeding women were excluded. The time of adoption dietary patterns ranged from eight weeks to four years in randomized clinical trials, and six months in the cohort study. Vegetarian, vegan, Mediterranean, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary patterns reduced 0.8% on average of percentage of glycated hemoglobin, considering all included studies. It was also observed reduction in fasting glycemia and improvement in Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity. However, more randomized clinical trials are required for a full elucidation of these questions.
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In a randomized trial of 215 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c was significantly reduced by 1.2% and 0.9% at year 1 and 4, respectively, in patients on the Mediterranean diet.
“In another randomized trial (n = 215 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes), HbA1c was significantly reduced by 1.2 and 0.9% at year 1 and 4, respectively, in patients on MD [57].”
From Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence? (2022) · cites this paper as [57]
The Mediterranean, low-carbohydrate, and vegetarian or plant-based eating patterns are examples of healthful eating patterns that have shown positive results in research for individuals with type 2 diabetes.
“The Mediterranean (130,134-136), lowcarbohydrate (137-139), and vegetarian or plant-based (135,136,140,141) eating patterns are all examples of healthful eating patterns that have shown positive results in research for individuals with type 2 diabetes, but individualized meal planning should focus on personal preferences, needs, and goals.”
From 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:<i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [135]
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References 76 · Cited by 38
- Authors
- de Carvalho, G. B., Dias-Vasconcelos, N. L., Santos, R. K. F., Brandão-Lima, P. N., da Silva, D. G., & Pires, L. V.
- Affiliations
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil;
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil;
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe (BR)
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Corresponding author
- Pires, Liliane Viana
- ORCID
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-06-16
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1999-2010
- ISSN
- 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-7852
- OpenAlex
- W2952253308
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 0.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, dietary habits, glycemic control, HbA1c, vegetarian diet, vegan diet, Mediterranean diet, DASH diet, fasting blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, HOMA-IR
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Insulin Resistance
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