The DOI matches its Crossref record; 272 of the 272 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Nutrition and longevity—From mechanisms to uncertainties
Abstract
Genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors primarily determine the lifespan of humans. From these, nutrition is a key component affecting our health, and several studies particularly in model organisms and rodents have shown that nutrition has also the potential to increase lifespan. This review, therefore, aimed to summarize and discuss the most important nutritional components and diets which have been repeatedly associated with longevity. A brief summary of mechanistic factors involved, like for example mTor, IGF-1, and autophagy, will also be presented. Finally, the association of foods and diets with all-cause mortality will be summarized by conducting a mini umbrella review of available meta-analyses. The main conclusions of this review are that caloric restriction without malnutrition, methionine restriction, lower protein intake or supplementation of spermidine are major life-extending factors, in model organisms or rodents. In humans, certain healthy foods are associated with longer telomere length, and reductions in protein intake with lower IGF-1 levels, respectively, both relations being associated with longer lifespan. Furthermore, a high intake of whole grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and also coffee is associated with a reduced risk for all-cause mortality whereas a high intake of (red) meat and especially processed meat is positively related to all-cause mortality. In addition, the Mediterranean and also high-quality diets are associated with reduced all-cause mortality risk.
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“It has been recognized that certain metabolic pathways and signal transductions are involved in the mechanism of CR action [87].”
From Molecular Targets of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Mammals, Mechanism of Action: Is It a Calorie Restriction Mimetic and Anti-Aging Compound? (2025) · cites this paper as [87]
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The significance of caloric restriction mimetics as anti-aging drugs
Nassar, K., El-mekawey, D., Elmasry, A. E., Refaey, M. S., El-Sayed Ghoneim, M., & Elshaier, Y. A. M. M. (2024) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149354 · Cited by 16
Zádor, E. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14060431 · Cited by 9
“It has been recognized that certain metabolic pathways and signal transductions are involved in the mechanism of CR action [87].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Ekmekcioglu, C.
- Affiliations
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-10-21
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 3063-3082
- ISSN
- 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-7852
- OpenAlex
- W2981680141
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 272
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 0.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Dietary Effects on Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- nutrition and longevity, lifespan extension, caloric restriction, methionine restriction, protein intake, spermidine, mTOR, insulin-like growth factor I, autophagy, telomere length, all-cause mortality, Mediterranean diet, processed meat, red meat, whole grains, fruits and vegetables, nuts, coffee
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Longevity, Nutritional Status, Vegetables, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Caloric Restriction
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