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An Evaluation of Reported No-Effect Chrysotile Asbestos Exposures for Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma
Abstract
Numerous investigators have suggested that there is likely to be a cumulative chrysotile exposure below which there is negligible risk of asbestos-related diseases. However, to date, little research has been conducted to identify an actual "no-effect" exposure level for chrysotile-related lung cancer and mesothelioma. The purpose of this analysis is to summarize and present all of the cumulative exposure-response data reported for predominantly chrysotile-exposed cohorts in the published literature. Criteria for consideration in this analysis included stratification of relative risk or mortality ratio estimates by cumulative chrysotile exposure. Over 350 studies were initially evaluated and subsequently excluded from the analysis due primarily to lack of cumulative exposure information, lack of information on fiber type, and/or evidence of significant exposures to amphiboles. Fourteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria were found where lung cancer risk was stratified by cumulative chrysotile exposure; four such studies were found for mesothelioma. All of the studies involved cohorts exposed to high levels of chrysotile in mining or manufacturing settings. The preponderance of the cumulative "no-effects" exposure levels for lung cancer and mesothelioma fall in a range of approximately 25-1,000 fibers per cubic centimeter per year (f/cc-yr) and 15-500 f/cc-yr, respectively, and a majority of the studies did not report an increased risk at the highest estimated exposure. Sou…
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“Two cohorts included in the review by Pierce et al.26 did not observe increased risk with the highest cumulative exposures: NOAEL > 400 and ≥ 112 f/cc-y (latency 20 years); and two cohorts included in the same review26 observed a NOAEL risk for mesothelioma at 800–1599 f/cc-y and < 15 f/cc-y.”
From Fiber burden and asbestos-related diseases: an umbrella review (2022) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“In summary, several studies provide a value for asbestos exposure below which no risk of lung cancer or mesothelioma would be observed26,28,31”
From Fiber burden and asbestos-related diseases: an umbrella review (2022) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“In general, we observed that the effect of chrysotile on lung cancer is characterized by being weaker than the effect of amphibole fibers or mixed fibers.22–29”
From Fiber burden and asbestos-related diseases: an umbrella review (2022) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“One of the studies26 concluded that the highest level of cumulative exposure to chrysotile without the effect of mesothelioma is 15 f/ml-y, meaning that at this concentration of chrysotile fibers no risk of mesothelioma was observed.”
From Fiber burden and asbestos-related diseases: an umbrella review (2022) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“However, one of the studies26 concluded that the highest cumulative exposure to chrysotile without an effect of lung cancer is 25 f/ml-y, which means that at this concentration of chrysotile fibers, lung cancer has not yet been observed.”
From Fiber burden and asbestos-related diseases: an umbrella review (2022) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“None of the selected reviews scored low in the assessment of their methodological quality; some of them obtained intermediate quality scores (4 ≥ P ≤ 5) [22–27,30] and 50% of the reviews obtained middle25,26 or high quality scores (P ≥ 8),28,29,31 supporting a reasonably good quality of the included studies.”
From Fiber burden and asbestos-related diseases: an umbrella review (2022) · cites this paper as [26]
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Health risk of chrysotile revisited
Bernstein, D., Dunnigan, J., Hesterberg, T., Brown, R., Velasco, J. A. L., Barrera, R., Hoskins, J., & Gibbs, A. (2013) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.3109/10408444.2012.756454 · Cited by 172
Fiber burden and asbestos-related diseases: an umbrella review
Ramada Rodilla, J. M., Calvo Cerrada, B., Serra Pujadas, C., Delclos, G. L., & Benavides, F. G. (2022) · Gaceta Sanitaria · doi:10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.04.001 · Cited by 46
Metadata
- Authors
- Pierce, J. S., McKinley, M. A., Paustenbach, D. J., & Finley, B. L.
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Toxicology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 191-214
- ISSN
- 1040-8444
- 1547-6898
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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