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Treatment patterns and overall survival of patients with double-class and triple-class refractory multiple myeloma: a US electronic health record database study
Open accessAbstract
Patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) resistant to multiple drug classes remain a high unmet need population. This longitudinal retrospective cohort study assessed real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in adults with RRMM. Patients who had three or more prior lines of therapy including a proteasome inhibitor (PI) and an immunomodulatory agent (double-exposed) were further categorized as refractory to a PI and an immunomodulatory agent (double-class refractory, n = 381) or additionally to an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (triple-class refractory, n = 173). Treatment options are limited for patients with double-class or triple-class refractory disease. Retreatment is a part of standard of care. Bortezomib and lenalidomide had the highest retreatment rates among double-class and triple-class refractory patients. Survival outcomes remain poor among RRMM patients with median overall survival (OS) of 22.3 and 11.6 months for double-class refractory and triple-class refractory patients, respectively. This study highlights the need for novel efficacious therapies in this heavily pretreated RRMM population.
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Challenges in treating relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma are compounded by limited effective salvage treatment options and high attrition.
“Challenges are compounded by limited effective salvage treatment options3 and high attrition.4”
From Teclistamab plus Daratumumab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (2026) · cites this paper as [3]
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Teclistamab plus Daratumumab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Costa, L. J., Bahlis, N. J., Perrot, A., Nooka, A. K., Lu, J., Pawlyn, C., Mina, R., Caeiro, G., Kentos, A., Hungria, V., et al. (2026) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2514663 · Cited by 119
Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, P. F., Yee, C. W., Gorsh, B., Zichlin, M. L., Paka, P., Bhak, R. H., Boytsov, N., Khanal, A., Noman, A., DerSarkissian, M., Ferrante, S., & Duh, M. S.
- Affiliations
- GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Analysis Group (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Peter Feng
- ORCID
- Venue
- Leukemia & Lymphoma
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2022-11-21
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 398-406
- ISSN
- 1026-8022 (ISSN-L)
- 1042-8194
- 1029-2403
- OpenAlex
- W4309506283
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6
- FWCI
- 5.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Leukemia & lymphoma/Leukemia and lymphoma (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- GSK (217353)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Bone health and treatments
- Keywords
- relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, triple-class refractory myeloma, treatment patterns, overall survival, proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, heavily pretreated patients
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antineoplastic Agents, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Dexamethasone, Humans, Multiple Myeloma, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Electronic Health Records
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