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Impact of Adolescent Alcohol and Drug Use on Neuropsychological Functioning in Young Adulthood: 10-Year Outcomes
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Alcohol and other substance use disorders (AUD/SUD) are common among youth and often continue into adulthood; therefore, the neurocognitive effects of substance use are of great concern. Because neuromaturation continues into young adulthood, youth with AUD/SUD may be at risk for lasting cognitive decrements. This study prospectively examines neuropsychological functioning over 10 years as a function of AUD/SUD history and outcomes. METHODS: The 51 participants consisted of 18 youth with persisting AUD/SUD, 19 youth with remitted AUD/SUD, and 14 community youth with no AUD/SUD history followed over 10 years (ages 16 to 27 on average) with neuropsychological testing and substance use interviews on 8 occasions. Neuropsychological performance from baseline to 10-year follow-up was compared between the three groups. RESULTS: Despite scoring higher than controls at intake, both AUD/SUD groups showed a relative decline in visuospatial construction at 10-year follow-up (p=.001). Regressions showed that alcohol use (β=-.33, p < .01) and drug withdrawal symptoms (β=-.31, p<.05) over follow-up were predictive of year 10 visuospatial function. Alcohol use also predicted verbal learning and memory (β=-.28, p<.05), while stimulant use predicted visual learning and memory function (β=-.33, p=.01). More recent substance use was associated with poorer executive function (β=.28, p<.05). DISCUSSION: These findings confirm prior studies suggesting that heavy, chronic alcohol and other substance use persisting from adolescence to young adulthood may produce cognitive disadvantages, primarily in visuospatial and memory abilities. Youth who chronically consume heavy quantities of alcohol and/or experience drug withdrawal symptoms may be particularly at risk for cognitive deterioration by young adulthood.
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“Heavy alcohol use during adolescence is associated with a range of neurobehavioural sequelae, including impairments in visuospatial processing, attention, and memory,173,174”
From Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [173]
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“none of these studies have included alcohol-naïve adolescents at baseline, which clearly limits the interpretation of the associations found.”
From Weaknesses in executive functioning predict the initiating of adolescents' alcohol use (2015) · cites this paper as Hanson et al., 2011
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“Second, several clinical studies have found cognitive deficits after heavy and prolonged alcohol use (Hanson et al., 2011, Tapert et al., 2002).”
From Weaknesses in executive functioning predict the initiating of adolescents' alcohol use (2015) · cites this paper as Hanson et al., 2011
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hanson, K. L., Medina, K. L., Padula, C. B., Tapert, S. F., & Brown, S. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University of Cincinnati
- VA San Diego Healthcare System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Sandra A.
- Venue
- Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-03-25
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 135-154
- ISSN
- 1067-828X (ISSN-L)
- 1547-0652
- PMC
- PMC3083020
- OpenAlex
- W2146501028
- Semantic Scholar
- 24531e5f72430707ce43813e39166eefea41419d
- Cited by
- 235
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 12.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R37AA007033, T32AA013525)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (F32DA020206, R01DA021182)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- adolescent alcohol use, adolescent drug use, substance use disorders, neuropsychological performance, cognitive decline, visuospatial construction, verbal learning and memory, visual learning and memory, executive function, drug withdrawal symptoms, stimulant use, early adulthood, long-term outcomes
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