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Cited by 46European Union Policy and GovernanceEconomic Sanctions and International RelationsInternational Relations and Foreign Policy

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When are governmental blaming strategies effective? How blame, source and trust effects shape citizens’ acceptance of EU sanctions against democratic backsliding

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Schlipphak, Bernd, Meiners, Paul, Treib, Oliver, Schäfer, Constantin·2023·Journal of European Public Policy
DOI 10.1080/13501763.2022.2102671
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Abstract

Under what conditions do citizens consider external sanctions against their country to be appropriate? Based on the literature on blame shifting, we argue that citizens should become less likely to support external sanctions if their government defends itself, especially if it seeks to shift the blame to the external actors (blame effect). However, this effect may be moderated by which actor identifies and claims the norm violation (source effect) and by whether citizens trust their government (trust effect). We test our expectations by conducting a survey experiment on EU sanctions against democratic backsliding in six countries (n = 12,000). Our results corroborate the blame and source effects, but disconfirm the trust effect. These findings have important implications for the literatures on blame shifting and external sanctions as well as for how the EU and other International Organizations should design their sanctioning mechanisms.

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Metadata

Authors
Schlipphak, B., Meiners, P., Treib, O., & Schäfer, C.
Affiliations
  • University of Münster (DE)
  • KU Leuven (BE)
Corresponding author
Treib, Oliver
ORCID
Venue
Journal of European Public Policy
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2022-07-21
Volume
30
Issue
9
Pages
1715-1737
ISSN
  • 1350-1763 (ISSN-L)
  • 1466-4429
DOI
10.1080/13501763.2022.2102671
OpenAlex
W4286208371
Cited by
46
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1
FWCI
33.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of European Public Policy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
H2020 Societal Challenges (770142)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › European Union Policy and Governance
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic Sanctions and International Relations
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Relations and Foreign Policy
Keywords
blame shifting, external sanctions, democratic backsliding, EU sanctions, source effects, public trust in government, international organizations, norm violation

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: When are governmental blaming strategies effective? How blame, source and trust effects shape citizens’ acceptance of EU sanctions against democratic backsliding. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/13501763.2022.2102671
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Schlipphak, B., Meiners, P., Treib, O., & Schäfer, C. (2023). When are governmental blaming strategies effective? How blame, source and trust effects shape citizens’ acceptance of EU sanctions against democratic backsliding. Journal of European Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2022.2102671