Pancreatic islet inflammation in type 2 diabetes: From α and β cell compensation to dysfunction
Abstract
Evidence in support of the concept of local pancreatic islet inflammation as a mechanism of beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes is accumulating. Observations in human islets from type 2 diabetic patients and rodent models of the disease indicate the increased presence of IL-1 driven cytokines and chemokines in pancreatic islets, concomitant with immune cell infiltration. Inflammation is the body's protective response to harmful stimuli and tissue damage. However, under chronic stress (e.g. metabolic stress in obesity and type 2 diabetes) the body's own defensive response may become deleterious to tissue function. Here, we summarize the current evidence that islet inflammation is a feature of type 2 diabetes, and discuss its role with respect to alpha and beta cell compensation and eventual beta cell failure.
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Adipokines are released into the circulation to affect many tissues including the β cells of the pancreas, which in turn affects insulin sensitivity.
“Adipokines are released into the circulation to affect many tissues including the β cells of the pancreas, which in turn affects insulin sensitivity 39, 40.”
From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and psychological stress — a modifiable risk factor (2017) · cites this paper as [39]
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References 81 · Cited by 97
- Authors
- Ehses, J. A., Ellingsgaard, H., Böni-Schnetzler, M., & Donath, M. Y.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital Zurich (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Ehses, Jan A.
- Venue
- Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-08-03
- Volume
- 115
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 240-247
- ISSN
- 0778-3124 (ISSN-L)
- 1381-3455
- 1744-4160
- OpenAlex
- W2167678795
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 1.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- pancreatic islet inflammation, type 2 diabetes, beta-cell failure, beta-cell dysfunction, chemokines, immune cell infiltration, metabolic stress, obesity
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Inflammation, Interleukin-1, Islets of Langerhans, Obesity, Interleukin-6
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