Deliberate Self‐Harm in 14‐Year‐Old Adolescents: How Frequent Is It, and How Is It Associated with Psychopathology, Relationship Variables, and Styles of Emotional Regulation?
Abstract
Deliberate self-harm was studied in 14-year-old adolescents from four schools in southern Sweden with a test-retest design, using a nine-item version of the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory. At Time 1, 40.2% of the adolescents indicated deliberate self-harm on at least one occasion compared with 36.5% at Time 2. Test-retest data showed high stability over periods of up to 2 months in duration. Cross-validation of the results from Time 1 to Time 2 showed robust correlations between deliberate self-harm and general psychopathology, a relative absence of positive feelings toward parents, and a ruminative style of emotional regulation. Further, rumination/negative thinking and a relative absence of positive feelings toward parents were predictors of self-harm independently of general psychopathology. In addition, deliberate self-harm correlated with symptoms of eating disorder and negative body esteem in girls.
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People who self-injure have difficulty expressing their emotions verbally and tend to be less aware of their emotional states.
“Alexithymia is common in people who self-injure [16]: these individuals not only have difficulty expressing their emotions verbally [17], a key aspect of alexithymia, but tend to be less aware of their emotional states [18, 19].”
From A 'choice', an 'addiction', a way 'out of the lost': Exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
Alexithymia is commonly present in clinical populations who self-injure.
“given its common presence in clinical populations who self-injure [16–20]”
From A 'choice', an 'addiction', a way 'out of the lost': Exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
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References 36 · Cited by 183
- Authors
- Bjärehed, J., & Lundh, L.
- Affiliations
- Lund University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Bjärehed, Jonas
- Venue
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 26-37
- ISSN
- 1650-6073 (ISSN-L)
- 1651-2316
- OpenAlex
- W1989434009
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 7.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- self-harm, adolescents, 14-year-olds, psychopathology, rumination, emotion regulation, parent-adolescent relationships, eating disorder symptoms, body esteem, test-retest stability
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Affective Symptoms, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Self Concept, Social Behavior Disorders, Sweden, Comorbidity, Incidence, Self-Injurious Behavior
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