Pain-related anxiety and opioid misuse in a racially/ethnically diverse young adult sample with moderate/severe pain
Open accessAbstract
Pain problems are of significant public health concern, and with opioid-related problems and death due to overdose at an all-time high, there is significant public health importance to identify risk factors that link instances of pain to opioid misuse among persons with pain whether or not they have been prescribed opioids for pain management. Severe pain and pain-related problems have been associated with increased risk for opioid misuse, and recent research indicates that pain-related anxiety (worry about the negative consequences of pain) may contribute to a more debilitating pain experience. Additionally, pain-related anxiety has previously been linked to substance use motives and dependence for cannabis and tobacco. However, little research has examined pain-related anxiety as a transdiagnostic risk factor for opioid misuse. The current study examined the relationship between pain-related anxiety and self-reported opioid misuse (addiction, prescription denial, family concerns, detox) in a racially/ethnically diverse sample of young adults (N = 256, M age = 22.84) reporting moderate to severe bodily pain over the previous four weeks. Results indicated that pain-related anxiety was significantly related to several indicators of opioid misuse as well as an increased number of opioid-related problems. Findings from the current study suggest that targeting pain-related anxiety may be one therapeutic strategy to reduce opioid misuse.
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Patients with high levels of anxiety and depression receiving opioid treatment for chronic pain are at increased risk of developing opioid misuse.
“Previous studies have consistently found that patients with high levels of anxiety and depression receiving opioid treatment for chronic pain are at increased risk of developing opioid misuse [80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90].”
From Pain acceptance creates an emotional context that protects against the misuse of prescription opioids: A study in a sample of patients with chronic noncancer pain (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
The Discussion (page not provided) reports that pain-related anxiety was associated with several opioid-misuse indicators in young adults with moderate to severe pain. It does not establish the claim for both anxiety and depression: the study did not assess depression separately, did not restrict its sample to patients receiving opioids for chronic pain, and used cross-sectional data that cannot show who later developed misuse. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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References 39 · Cited by 38
- Authors
- Rogers, A. H., Bakhshaie, J., Lam, H., Langdon, K. J., Ditre, J. W., & Zvolensky, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Houston (US)
- Brown University (US)
- Syracuse University (US)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zvolensky, Michael J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-02-26
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 372-382
- ISSN
- 1650-6073 (ISSN-L)
- 1651-2316
- PMC
- PMC12826627
- OpenAlex
- W2791105664
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH076629)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (K23AT012364)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- pain-related anxiety, opioid misuse, chronic pain, young adults, racial and ethnic diversity, opioid use disorder, opioid overdose, substance use risk factors, transdiagnostic risk factors, pain management
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Analgesics, Opioid, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Opioid-Related Disorders, Risk Factors, Young Adult, Self Report, Chronic Pain, Pain Management, Prescription Drug Misuse
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