The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Placebo and Nocebo effect on sports performance: A systematic review
Abstract
The aim of this review was to determine the magnitude of the placebo and nocebo effect on sport performance. Articles published before March 2019 were located using Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Scopus. Studies that examined placebo and nocebo effects of an objective dependent variable on sports performance, which included a control or baseline condition, were included in the analysis. Studies were classified into two categories of ergogenic aids: (1) nutritional and (2) mechanical. Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated from 32 studies involving 1513 participants. Small to moderate placebo effects were found for both placebo ( d = 0.36) and nocebo ( d = 0.37) effects and when separated by nutritional ( d = 0.35) and mechanical ( d = 0.47) ergogenic aids. The pooled effect size revealed a small to moderate effect size across all studies ( d = 0.38). Results suggest that placebo and nocebo effects can exert a small to moderate effect on sports performance.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“First, placebo as well as nocebo effects can occur, also in exercise studies (Hurst et al., 2019).”
From Sex-Specific Effects of Respiratory Muscle Endurance Training on Cycling Time Trial Performance in Normoxia and Hypoxia (2021) · cites this paper as Hurst et al., 2019
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
PRISMA-P Group, Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., & Stewart, L. A. (2015) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/2046-4053-4-1 · Cited by 26,223
Placebos without Deception: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Kaptchuk, T. J., Friedlander, E., Kelley, J. M., Sanchez, M. N., Kokkotou, E., Singer, J. P., Kowalczykowski, M., Miller, F. G., Kirsch, I., & Lembo, A. J. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015591 · Cited by 900 · cited 1×
“…shown that open-label placebos (i.e. overt administration of placebo) can significantly improve various conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (Kaptchuk et al., 2010), lower back pain (Carvalho et al., 2016), allergic rhinitis (Schaefer, Harke, & Denke, 2016), depression (Kelley, Kaptchuk,…”
BackgroundBenedetti, F., Pollo, A., Lopiano, L., Lanotte, M., Vighetti, S., & Rainero, I. (2003) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-10-04315.2003 · Cited by 788
A comparison of placebo effects in clinical analgesic trials versus studies of placebo analgesia
Vase, L., Riley, J. L., & Price, D. D. (2002) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00205-1 · Cited by 434
Placebo-Induced Changes in Excitatory and Inhibitory Corticospinal Circuits during Motor Performance
Fiorio, M., Emadi Andani, M., Marotta, A., Classen, J., & Tinazzi, M. (2014) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3931-13.2014 · Cited by 70
Saunders, P. U., Ahlgrim, C., Vallance, B., Green, D. J., Robertson, E. Y., Clark, S. A., Schumacher, Y. O., & Gore, C. J. (2010) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.5.4.521 · Cited by 37
Research works printed but not linked: 62
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0125223 · DOI
- 10.1152/jappl.1972.32.6.795 · DOI
- 10.1080/17461391.2018.1496144 · DOI
- 10.1123/ijsnem.17.3.259 · DOI
- 10.2165/00007256‐200939040‐00004 · DOI
- 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000172 · DOI
- 10.1249/01.mss.0000233805.56315.a9 · DOI
- Beedie C. Whyte G. Lane A. M. Cohen E. Raglin J. Hurst P. …Foad A.(2017).‘Caution this treatment is a placebo. It might work but it might not’: why emerging mechanistic evidence for placebo effects does not legitimise complementary and alternative medicines in sport. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine. · DOI
- 10.1080/17461391.2015.1005696 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.pec.2011.04.034 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000288 · DOI
- 10.5708/ejmh.6.2011.2.5 · DOI
- 10.1080/17461391.2013.822564 · DOI
- Brazier J., 2014, The effects of hologram wristbands and placebo on athletic performance, Kineziologija, 46, 109
- 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000348 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41598-019-38828-9 · DOI
- 10.1002/jrsm.1232 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.01.010 · DOI
- 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000700 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.math.2015.06.001 · DOI
- 10.1097/00005768-200009000-00019 · DOI
- 10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00308 · DOI
- 10.1080/17461391.2017.1339735 · DOI
- Duncan M., 2010, Placebo effects of caffeine on anaerobic performance in moderately trained adults, Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences, 4, 99
- 10.1123/ijspp.4.2.244 · DOI
- 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000977 · DOI
- 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181593e02 · DOI
- 10.1097/psy.0000000000000432 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.03.002 · DOI
- 10.1136/bmj.d5928 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1139/apnm‐2015‐0523 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41598-018-20993-y · DOI
- Hopker J. G., 2009, Familiarisation and reliability of sprint test indices during laboratory and field assessment, Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 8, 528
- 10.1097/00005768-199903000-00018 · DOI · Paper page
- Hróbjartsson A., 2010, Placebo interventions for all clinical conditions, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, 1
- 10.1123/ijsnem.19.3.275 · DOI
- 10.1080/1091367X.2016.1233421 · DOI
- 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001297 · DOI
- Hurst P. Kavussanu M. Boardley I. D. &Ring C.(2019). Sport supplement use predicts doping via sport supplement beliefs.Journal of Sports Sciences 1–7. doi:10.1080/02640414.2019.1589920. · DOI
- 10.1139/apnm-2016-0241 · DOI
- 10.1080/10413200601123736 · DOI
- 10.1159/000337053 · DOI
- 10.1123/tsp.14.3.272 · DOI
- 10.1055/s‐0035‐1549857 · DOI
- 10.1123/jsep.29.3.382 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.pain.2014.04.016 · DOI
- 10.3389/fphys.2018.01144 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1460‐9568.2008.06344.x · DOI
- 10.1007/s00421-012-2333-9 · DOI
- 10.1097/00001756-200208070-00006 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.math.2014.07.013 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.04.025 · DOI
- 10.1080/17461391.2015.1029983 · DOI
- 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001088 · DOI
- 10.1111/sms.12793 · DOI
- 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3180337371 · DOI
- 10.1159/000447242 · DOI
- 10.1002/mus.25060 · DOI
- 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000844 · DOI
- 10.1186/s12906‐016‐1213‐y · DOI
- 10.1111/ejn.14217 · DOI
Cited by
VIGH-LARSEN, J. F., ØRTENBLAD, N., NIELSEN, J., EMIL ANDERSEN, O., OVERGAARD, K., & MOHR, M. (2022) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003002 · Cited by 35
Gurton, W. H., Matta, G. G., Gough, L. A., Ranchordas, M. K., King, D. G., & Hurst, P. (2023) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-023-00612-5 · Cited by 15
Self-citationChambault, J., Grand, G., & Kayser, B. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.700620 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Hurst, P., Schipof‐Godart, L., Szabo, A., Raglin, J., Hettinga, F., Roelands, B., Lane, A., Foad, A., Coleman, D., & Beedie, C.
- Affiliations
- School of Human and Life Sciences Canterbury Christ Church University Canterbury UK
- Faculty of Health, Nutrition & Sports The Hague University of Applied Sciences Hague Netherlands
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sports Sciences Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary
- School of Public Health Indiana University Bloomington IN USA
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
- Department of Human Physiology Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium
- Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing Institute of Sport University of Wolverhampton Walsall UK
- School of Psychology University of Kent Canterbury UK
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Sport Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-08-20
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 279-292
- ISSN
- 1746-1391
- 1536-7290
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
