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The Arab League’s Decision-making System and Arab Integration
Open accessAbstract
:This paper analyzes the function of the Arab League decision-making system and its influences on the Arab integration from the perspective of institutionalism and integration theory. Arab League makes its decisions on the basis of cooperation and negotiations. Theoretically, only in some policy fields where cooperation outperforms unilateral action, can such a decision institution lead to mutual policies and unanimous actions. However, practically, this system lacks efficient operations on the regional level. Even in the fields of economy or security, where member states share more mutual interests, the integrative cooperation of the Arab League is confined to the limited policy framework, with minimum agreements as its outcome. Experience from the Europe Union suggests that there must be a supra-national institution to propose draft, supervise the development and implementation of the policies, and regulate the behaviors of relevant nations. The integrative direction and outlook of Arab League depends exactly on its future decision-making system.
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Claims the paper makes
40 Own result · 5 Own interpretation · 5 No basis given
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In the paper
“Consequently, the operation of this free trade area is actually interdependent on the specific policies in each member states.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“By supplying an international forum, the League enables its member states to step onto the Middle East stage collectively.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“But each of the member states can work out their own executive programs and timetables.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“However, practically, this system lacks efficient operations on the regional level.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > Abstract
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In the paper
“According to the above analysis, the Arab integration degree differs between the economic and security fields.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“The will of member states guide the decision-making process of the League.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“Discord of interests among the member states seriously hinders the implementation of relevant policies.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“As disagreements among member states keep increasing, it will be more and more difficult to find their common interests.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“One example of how selfish considerations undermine integration is the compromise of GAFTA.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“The so-called “final consensus” is no more than the final compromised outcomes among the member states of the League.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“The final compromise, The Agreement of Arab Free Trade Area, prescribed member states' reciprocal obligations to decrease tax and eliminate non-tariff barriers, in order to boost the regional free trade.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“Even in the fields of economy or security, where member states share more mutual interests, the integrative cooperation of the Arab League is confined to the limited policy framework, with minimum agreements as its outcome.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > Abstract
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In the paper
“The nineteen functional organizations in the League are subordinate, serving merely as lubricants in communications.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“Whether a policy can be made and carried out is largely dependant on whether there exist common interests among the countries involved.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“The League has never had functional institutions as those of the EU Commission or Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET), which assume their essential responsibilities in the form of supranational institutions.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“Arab League makes its decisions on the basis of cooperation and negotiations.”
- Also stated in: § I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League · hedged
“In a sense, the decision-making process in Arab League is based on the negotiations among its member states.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > Abstract
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- Also stated in: § I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League · hedged
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In the paper
“However, the power distribution in the League denies such requirement.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“One example is that Transitional Arab Parliament has no legislative power.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“The League has made some achievements in the security field.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“The operational committee of Free Trade Area, however, is not equipped with such a power.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“Whether the institution framework can develop under the outside pressures may decide whether it can upgrade to the group representative or the role of an independent actor.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“But they hardly noticed the negative influences of the decision-making system of the Arab League on the integration progress.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > Abstract
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- Rests on an assumption: Prior scholarship has largely overlooked the negative influence of the Arab League's decision-making system on Arab integration.
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In the paper
“The institutional structure is a main factor for the different roles of the League in economic and security fields.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“The European integration has been developing under the interaction of the European Community and intergovernmental institutions.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > III. Comparative Study on Decision-making Systems of the Arab League and EU
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In the paper
“The European Union differs from the Arab League in many aspects, among which the differences in its decision-making institution are most obvious.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > III. Comparative Study on Decision-making Systems of the Arab League and EU
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In the paper
“By involving all the Arab countries in this region into an organization, the League successfully constructs an intra-Arab negotiation framework, hence avoiding many escalations from disputes to conflicts.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“The decision-making process in the League lacks efficient regional cooperation, with member states' common interests as the only stimulator of integration.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > II. Practical Investigations into Integration of the Decision-making System
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In the paper
“The European Parliament is also involved in decision making in some fields, and it together with the Council forms the highest legislative body within the Union.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > III. Comparative Study on Decision-making Systems of the Arab League and EU
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In the paper
“In the economic field, Arab League member states share the most common interests as well as least also sovereign disputes.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“Judging from the outcome, however, the degree of Arab integration is undoubtedly far from enough.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > Abstract
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In the paper
“Though the committee did boost free trade to some degree, it reinforced the importance of negotiations among governments, without facilitating a powerful supranational institution, not to mention the fulfillment of “spillover effect” hoped for by institutionalists.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“Comparatively, the League is more a forum than a representative in the security field, while member states are still the actual actors.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“These decision-making institutions have a clear division of responsibilities, and maintain a good balance in drawing up and carrying out of policies.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > III. Comparative Study on Decision-making Systems of the Arab League and EU
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In the paper
“However, the responsibilities of these sub-councils are subordinate and uncertain, enjoying only relative and temporary decision-making power rather than absolute and independent one.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“The 22 member states have different levels of economic development as well as various economic structures.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“Each of the member states, however, wanted to maximize their respective interests in this economic cooperation, disagreed on many aspects, such as the objective (tariff union or free trade zone), the growth pattern, tax breaks, and the responsibilities and obligations of member states.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“Contrarily, it supplies a forum to multilateral powers to negotiate security-relevant issues, including League member states, such as non-Arab countries in the Middle East, North America, Russia, the European Union, and China.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“Though this forum has not empowered the Arab League as the representative of its member states, it still enables the League to negotiate with other powers, to construct the Middle East security framework as an independent actor.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“On the integrating road of the EU, two decision-making systems exist, inter-governmental ones such as European Summit and Council of Ministers, and supranational institutions such as the European Commission, the European Parliament, and the European Court.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > III. Comparative Study on Decision-making Systems of the Arab League and EU
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In the paper
“It is the local governments which manipulate the drafting and carrying out of the specific policies in the League.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“On one hand, the League has served as a platform for the member states to promote mutual understanding, resolve conflicts, negotiate policies, and enhance further cooperation.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
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In the paper
“Even in economic fields, member states consider their own country's interests more than those of the other states, which undermines the governmental negotiations.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“Externally, the League may become an integral economic body to confront the outside challenges, but internally, local governments still have the decisions on autonomous economic policies.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
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In the paper
“When making decisions, the Arab League adopts principles of “unanimity” and “domestic law”, which means that the member states have the final decisions on important issues, rather than the regional cooperative organization.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > I. Essential Functions of the Decision-making System in the Arab League
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In the paper
“The Council of Ministers makes decisions on the proposals put forth by the Commission.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > III. Comparative Study on Decision-making Systems of the Arab League and EU
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In the paper
“The European Commission is the executive branch of the European Union.The body is responsible for proposing legislation, implementing decisions, upholding the Union's treaties and the general day-to-day running of the Union.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > III. Comparative Study on Decision-making Systems of the Arab League and EU
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In the paper
“In the former field, the Arab League has tried out its role as a representative, by promoting the Free Trade Area and negotiating with other counties and organizations.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > B. The security field
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Within all of the constructing institutions, the decision-making institution is of the utmost importance.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because the dependency among member states is weak and the regional coordinative organization is not powerful enough to guide the integrative progress, the member states naturally adopt the most beneficial policies to protect their own interests.”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > A. The economic field
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A statement the paper makes itself — it cites no source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These successful examples also argue that the decision-making system of integrative organization should meet three premier requirements, no matter what other functions it is asked to fulfill.First, such an institution should be able to mediate interests between member states, integrating state or substate level interests into a regional one.Secondly, it should be an efficient organization with”
§ The Arab League's Decision-making System and Arab Integration > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Prior scholarship has largely overlooked the negative influence of the Arab League's decision-making system on Arab integration.
“But they hardly noticed the negative influences of the decision-making system of the Arab League on the integration progress.”
The paper relies on this without support.
A mature decision-making system is able to promote efficient and reasonable cooperation among member states and reflect the real degrees of interdependency among members and integrations within the League.
“A mature decision-making system is able to promote efficient and reasonable cooperation among member states, and can also reflect the real degrees of interdependency among members and integrations within the League.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The homogeneity degree of member states plays the primary role in the whole integration process.
“The homogeneity degree of member states plays the primary role in the whole integration process.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The integration process must be at the expense of part of sovereignty.
“As a concrete realization of regionalism, the integration process must be at the expense of part of sovereignty.”
Citations
Cites
The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Zhongkui Ye & Xingfang Wang, The Survey of International Organization(Beijing: China RenMin University Press, 2001), pp.233-43.
- Jinlong Chang, "The Impact on Sovereignty State from Decision-making Systems of International Organization Innovation," Academic Journal ofZhongzhou, No. 3, 2007.
- Istvan Pogany, The Arab League and Peacekeeping in the Lebanon(New York: St. Martin's Press, 1987), p.8.
- Baizhi Liao, "Information of Greater Arab Free Trade Area," International Information Journal, No. 5, 2005.
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Sorted by citations
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Arap Birliği’nin Üye Ülkeleri Arası Çatışmaları Çözme Kapasitesi
Doğan, B. (2021) · Ortadoğu Etütleri · doi:10.47932/ortetut.937436 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Chen, W., & Zhao, J.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai International Studies University (CN)
- ORCID
- Zhao, Jun
- Venue
- Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia)
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 59-66
- ISSN
- 1937-0679 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2884843618
- Semantic Scholar
- 47d8c69a1c78953b2aeacf032d9c8fbf15d4dd27
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Global Political and Social Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Relations and Foreign Policy
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Middle East Politics and Society
- Keywords
- Arab League, decision-making systems, Arab integration, regional integration, institutionalism, integration theory, regional organizations, European Union comparison, regional security, regional economy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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