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Multimodal data fusion for systems improvement: A review
Abstract
In recent years, information available from multiple data modalities has become increasingly common for industrial engineering and operations research applications. There have been a number of research works combining these data in unsupervised, supervised, and semi-supervised fashions that have addressed various issues of combining heterogeneous data, as well as several existing open challenges that remain to be addressed. In this review paper, we provide an overview of some methods for the fusion of multimodal data. We provide detailed real-world examples in manufacturing and medicine, introduce early, late, and intermediate fusion, as well as discuss several approaches under decomposition-based and neural network fusion paradigms. We summarize the capabilities and limitations of these methods and conclude the review article by discussing the existing challenges and potential research opportunities.
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“This method typically employs attention mechanisms, feature weighting, connectivity, or GNNs to combine modality specific features [41,42].”
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Zabihi, O., Brüll, R., Pfaendner, R., Malz, F., Dagley, I., & Naebe, M. (2026) · Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research · doi:10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.100284
Intelligent Visibility Estimation Under Sea Fog Conditions Based on Deep Learning
-, Z. Q., Hu, W., Ren, P., Tian, H., Ruan, C., & Song, Y. (2026) · Journal of Marine Science and Engineering · doi:10.3390/jmse14201888
Metadata
- Authors
- Gaw, N., Yousefi, S., & Gahrooei, M. R.
- Affiliations
- Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (US)
- Microsoft (United States) (US)
- University of Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gahrooei, Mostafa Reisi
- Venue
- IISE Transactions
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-12-03
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1098-1116
- ISSN
- 2472-5854 (ISSN-L)
- 2472-5862
- OpenAlex
- W3210892971
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 119
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 4.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IISE Transactions (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › Advanced Image Fusion Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications
- Keywords
- multimodal fusion, data heterogeneity, feature-level fusion, decision fusion, intermediate fusion, neural network fusion, manufacturing industry, health data, industrial engineering, operations research
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