The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The validity of student evaluation of teaching in higher education. Love me, love my lectures?
Abstract
This paper examines the validity of student evaluation of teaching (SET) in universities. Recent research demonstrates that evaluations can be influenced by factors other than teaching ability such as student characteristics and the physical environment. In this study, it was predicted that students' perception of the lecturer would significantly predict teaching effectiveness ratings. Using an 11-item student rating scale (N = 199), a two-factor confirmatory factor model of teaching effectiveness was specified and estimated using LISREL8; the factors were 'lecturer ability' and 'module attributes'. This initial model was extended to include a factor relating to the students' ratings of the lecturer's charisma. The model was an acceptable description of the data. The charisma factor explained 69% and 37% of the variation in the 'lecturer ability and 'module attributes' factors respectively. These findings suggest that student ratings do not wholly reflect actual teaching effectiveness. It is argued that a central trait exists which influences a student's evaluation of the lecturer.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“in student evaluations of teaching, high intercorrelations are well-known, indicating a central factor that influences a student’s evaluation of the lecturer (Shevlin et al., 2000).”
From Impact of Synchronous and Asynchronous Settings of Online Teaching and Learning in Higher Education on Students' Learning Experience During COVID-19 (2021) · cites this paper as Shevlin et al., 2000
Citations
Cites
The Handbook of Social Psychology
Gravatt, A. E., Lindzey, G. E., & Aronson, F. (1969) · The Family Coordinator · doi:10.2307/582242 · Cited by 12,518
Journal of personality and social psychology
Armstrong, J. (1988) · International Journal of Forecasting · doi:10.1016/0169-2070(88)90126-4 · Cited by 10,544
(1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,690
Forming impressions of personality.
Asch, S. E. (1946) · Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0055756 · Cited by 2,829
Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research
Smart, J. C. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5666-6 · Cited by 2,368
FORMING IMPRESSIONS OF PERSONALITY
Asch, S. E. (1961) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520313514-018 · Cited by 2,100
A performance indicator of teaching quality in higher education: The Course Experience Questionnaire
Ramsden, P. (1991) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079112331382944 · Cited by 1,335
Marsh, H. W. (1987) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/0883-0355(87)90001-2 · Cited by 1,333
Rosen, N. A., Hunt, J. G., & Larson, L. L. (1979) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.2307/2523066 · Cited by 1,109
Marsh, H. W., & Roche, L. A. (1997) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.52.11.1187 · Cited by 906
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- BASS B. M., 1990, Bass and Stodgdill's Handbook of Leadership
- 1997, Subject Review Handbook: October 1998 to September 2000 (QAA 1/97)
- SHACKLETON V., 1995, Business Leadership
Cited by
Sorted by citations
On the Validity of Student Evaluation of Teaching
Spooren, P., Brockx, B., & Mortelmans, D. (2013) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/0034654313496870 · Cited by 776
Student evaluations of teaching (mostly) do not measure teaching effectiveness
Boring, A., Ottoboni, K., & Stark, P. B. (2016) · ScienceOpen Research · doi:10.14293/s2199-1006.1.sor-edu.aetbzc.v1 · Cited by 475
Contract cheating: a survey of australian university students
Bretag, T., Harper, R., Burton, M., Ellis, C., Newton, P., Rozenberg, P., Saddiqui, S., & van Haeringen, K. (2019) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2018.1462788 · Cited by 476
Service quality in higher education: The role of student expectations
Voss, R., Gruber, T., & Szmigin, I. T. D. (2007) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.01.020 · Cited by 384
Survey of 12 Strategies to Measure Teaching Effectiveness
Berk, R. A. (2005) · Cited by 364
Fabriz, S., Mendzheritskaya, J., & Stehle, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.733554 · Cited by 453
Assessing quality assurance in higher education: quality managers’ perceptions of effectiveness
Seyfried, M., & Pohlenz, P. (2018) · European Journal of Higher Education · doi:10.1080/21568235.2018.1474777 · Cited by 231
The Impact of Service Quality on Students’ Satisfaction in Higher Education Institutes of Punjab
Usman, A. (2010) · Journal of Management Research · doi:10.5296/jmr.v2i2.418 · Cited by 175
Virtual Communities and the Assessment of Online Marketing Education
Peltier, J. W., Drago, W. A., & Schibrowsky, J. A. (2003) · Journal of Marketing Education · doi:10.1177/0273475303257762 · Cited by 174
Attractiveness, easiness and other issues: student evaluations of professors on Ratemyprofessors.com
Felton, J., Koper, P. T., Mitchell, J. B., & Stinson, M. (2007) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602930601122803 · Cited by 161
Contract cheating: a survey of Australian university staff
Harper, R., Bretag, T., Ellis, C., Newton, P. M., Rozenberg, P., Saddiqui, S., & van Haeringen, K. (2018) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2018.1462789 · Cited by 158
Judson, K. M., & Taylor, S. A. (2014) · Higher Education Studies · doi:10.5539/hes.v4n1p51 · Cited by 162
Student evaluation of courses: what predicts satisfaction?
Denson, N., Loveday, T., & Dalton, H. M. (2010) · Higher Education Research & Development · doi:10.1080/07294360903394466 · Cited by 165
From performativity to professionalism: lecturers’ responses to student feedback
Arthur, L. (2009) · Teaching in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/13562510903050228 · Cited by 146
Student Evaluation Of College Teaching: A Practice In Search Of Principles
Algozzine, B., Gretes, J. A., Flowers, C. P., Howley, L. D., Beattie, J. R., Spooner, F., Mohanty, G., & Bray, M. (2004) · College Teaching · doi:10.3200/ctch.52.4.134-141 · Cited by 135
Dziuban, C. D., & Moskal, P. D. (2011) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.05.003 · Cited by 143
Kulikowski, K., Przytuła, S., & Sułkowski, Ł. (2021) · Higher Education Quarterly · doi:10.1111/hequ.12314 · Cited by 166
The desired teaching qualities of lecturers in higher education: a means end analysis
Voss, R., & Gruber, T. (2006) · Quality Assurance in Education · doi:10.1108/09684880610678540 · Cited by 110
Student evaluation of instruction in higher education: exploring issues of validity and reliability
Zhao, J. B., & Gallant, D. J. (2011) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2010.523819 · Cited by 103
Steinhardt, I., Schneijderberg, C., Götze, N., Baumann, J., & Krücken, G. (2016) · Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s10734-016-0045-5 · Cited by 117
Wright, S. L., & Jenkins‐Guarnieri, M. A. (2011) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2011.563279 · Cited by 99
Predictors of Student Satisfaction with University Psychology Courses: A Review
Green, H. J., Hood, M., & Neumann, D. L. (2015) · Psychology Learning & Teaching · doi:10.1177/1475725715590959 · Cited by 84
Keller, M. M., Becker, E. S., Frenzel, A. C., & Taxer, J. L. (2018) · AERA Open · doi:10.1177/2332858418782967 · Cited by 100
Spooren, P., & Mortelmans, D. (2006) · Educational Studies · doi:10.1080/03055690600631101 · Cited by 88
How Do Faculty Make Formative Use of Student Evaluation Feedback?: A Multiple Case Study
Yao, Y., & Grady, M. L. (2005) · Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education · doi:10.1007/s11092-006-9000-9 · Cited by 91
Kuo, Y., & Ye, K.-D. (2009) · Total Quality Management & Business Excellence · doi:10.1080/14783360903037085 · Cited by 88
Hazzam, J., & Wilkins, S. (2023) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104809 · Cited by 112
Brockx, B., Spooren, P., & Mortelmans, D. (2011) · Educational Assessment Evaluation and Accountability · doi:10.1007/s11092-011-9126-2 · Cited by 73
Re-thinking technology adoption in physical education
Wyant, J. D., & Baek, J.-H. (2018) · Curriculum Studies in Health and Physical Education · doi:10.1080/25742981.2018.1514983 · Cited by 88
Student Ratings in a Consumerist Academy: Leveraging Pedagogical Control and Authority
Titus, J. J. (2008) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.1525/sop.2008.51.2.397 · Cited by 70
Schuck, S., Gordon, S., & Buchanan, J. (2008) · Teaching in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/13562510802334772 · Cited by 69
What makes a good educator? The relevance of meta programmes
Brown, N. (2004) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/0260293042000197618 · Cited by 69
On the credibility of the judge
Spooren, P. (2010) · Studies In Educational Evaluation · doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2011.02.001 · Cited by 71
Effective Teaching in Higher Education: Perceptions of First Year Undergraduate Students
Allan, J., Clarke, K., & Jopling, M. (2009) · International journal on teaching and learning in higher education · Cited by 65
A methodological review of structural equation modelling in higher education research
Green, T. (2015) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2015.1021670 · Cited by 69
The student evaluation of teaching and likability: what the evaluations actually measure
Clayson, D. E. (2021) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2021.1909702 · Cited by 63
Bell, K. (2021) · Journal of Further and Higher Education · doi:10.1080/0309877x.2021.1985980 · Cited by 61
Photography as Geographical Fieldwork
Sidaway, J. D. (2002) · Journal of Geography in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03098260120110395 · Cited by 60
Assessment of Teaching Effectiveness in U.S. Dental Schools and the Value of Triangulation
Jahangiri, L., Mucciolo, T. W., Choi, M., & Spielman, A. I. (2008) · Journal of Dental Education · doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.6.tb04536.x · Cited by 57
SYSTEMATIC INFLUENCES ON TEACHING EVALUATIONS: THE CASE FOR CAUTION*
Davies, M., HIRSCHBERG, J., Lye, J. N., Johnston, C., & McDonald, I. (2006) · Australian Economic Papers · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8454.2007.00303.x · Cited by 70
Donker, M. H., van Vemde, L., Hessen, D. J., van Gog, T., & Mainhard, T. (2020) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2020.101414 · Cited by 63
Turning up the Heat on Online Teaching Evaluations: Does “Hotness” Matter?
Freng, S., & Webber, D. (2009) · Teaching of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00986280902959739 · Cited by 57
Jahangiri, L., & Mucciolo, T. W. (2008) · Journal of Dental Education · doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.4.tb04513.x · Cited by 53
Wisniewski, B., Zierer, K., Dresel, M., & Daumiller, M. H. (2020) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2020.101303 · Cited by 58
Gaspard, H., & Lauermann, F. (2021) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2021.101494 · Cited by 66
Students’ Opinions of Service Quality in the Field of Higher Education
Palli, J. G., & Rajasekhar, M. (2012) · Creative Education · doi:10.4236/ce.2012.34067 · Cited by 52
A proposed methodology for contextualised evaluation in higher education
Nygaard, C., & Belluigi, D. Z. (2010) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602931003650037 · Cited by 51
Student satisfaction and online teaching
GUEST, R. S., Rohde, N., Selvanathan, S., & Soesmanto, T. (2018) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2018.1433815 · Cited by 49
Lakeman, R., Coutts, R., Hutchinson, M., Lee, M. F., Massey, D. L., Nasrawi, D., & Fielden, J. (2021) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2021.2012643 · Cited by 49
Psychometric quality of a student evaluation of teaching survey in higher education
Oon, P., Benson, S., & Kam, C. C. S. (2016) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2016.1193119 · Cited by 48
Wilson, J. Z., Marks, G., Noone, L., & Hamilton‐Mackenzie, J. (2009) · Gender and Education · doi:10.1080/09540250903354404 · Cited by 46
Lillyman, S., Gutteridge, R., & Berridge, P. (2010) · Nurse Education in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2010.08.006 · Cited by 46
Köhler, T., Landis, R. S., & Cortina, J. M. (2017) · Academy of Management Learning and Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2017.0079 · Cited by 49
What students value as inspirational and transformative teaching
Bradley, S., Kirby, E. P., & Madriaga, M. (2014) · Innovations in Education and Teaching International · doi:10.1080/14703297.2014.880363 · Cited by 44
Santhanam, E., & Hicks, O. (2002) · Teaching in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/13562510120100364 · Cited by 45
Evaluation in management education: A visual approach to drawing out emotion in student learning
Ward, J., & Shortt, H. (2012) · Management Learning · doi:10.1177/1350507612459169 · Cited by 43
Personal and Pedagogical Interaction Factors as Determinants of Academic Achievement
Cardoso, A. P., Ferreira, M., Abrantes, J. L., Seabra, C., & Costa, C. (2011) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.402 · Cited by 51
Consequences of KPIs and performance management in higher education
Kairuz, T. E., Andriés, L., Nickloes, T., & Truter, I. (2016) · International Journal of Educational Management · doi:10.1108/ijem-05-2015-0067 · Cited by 41
Exploring high impact scholarship in research on student's evaluation of teaching (SET)
Spooren, P., Vandermoere, F., Vanderstraeten, R., & Pepermans, K. (2017) · Educational Research Review · doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2017.09.001 · Cited by 45
Wallace, S. L., Lewis, A. K., & Allen, M. D. (2018) · College Teaching · doi:10.1080/87567555.2018.1483317 · Cited by 46
Galbraith, C. S., & Merrill, G. B. (2011) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2010.523782 · Cited by 40
Adjectives, communities, and taxonomies of evaluative meaning
Millar, N., & Hunston, S. (2015) · Functions of Language · doi:10.1075/fol.22.3.01mil · Cited by 38
How do students perceive educators' digital competence in higher education?
de Obesso, M. D. L. M., Canal, M. N., & Rivero, C. A. P. (2023) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122284 · Cited by 60
Changing academic culture to improve undergraduate STEM education
Suchman, E. (2014) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2014.09.006 · Cited by 38
Richmond, A. S., Berglund, M., Epelbaum, V. B., & Klein, E. M. (2015) · Teaching of Psychology · doi:10.1177/0098628315569924 · Cited by 43
McDonald, J., & Star, C. (2006) · Flinders Academic Commons (Flinders University) · Cited by 37
Teachers’ perceptions of student evaluations of teaching
Chan, C. K. Y., Luk, L. Y. Y., & Zeng, M. (2014) · Educational Research and Evaluation · doi:10.1080/13803611.2014.932698 · Cited by 36
Pedagogical Interaction and Learning Performance as Determinants of Academic Achievement
Costa, C., Cardoso, A. P., de Lima, M. P., Ferreira, M., & Abrantes, J. L. (2015) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.203 · Cited by 35
A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Teaching Presence Within Online Professional Development
Miller, M. G., Hahs‐Vaughn, D. L., & Zygouris-Coe, V. I. (2014) · Online Learning · doi:10.24059/olj.v18i1.333 · Cited by 38
Palaute: An Online Text Mining Tool for Analyzing Written Student Course Feedback
Grönberg, N., Knutas, A., Hynninen, T., & Hujala, M. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3116425 · Cited by 35
The Impact of Multimedia Course Enhancements on Student Learning Outcomes
Schilling, K. (2009) · Journal of Education for Library and Information Science · Cited by 32
Vâlsan, C., & Sproule, R. A. (2008) · Journal of Economic Issues · doi:10.1080/00213624.2008.11507197 · Cited by 32
The Lecture Machine: A Cultural Evolutionary Model of Pedagogy in Higher Education
Grunspan, D. Z., Kline, M. A., & Brownell, S. E. (2018) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.17-12-0287 · Cited by 37
Predicting student evaluations of teaching using decision tree analysis
Park, E., & Dooris, J. (2019) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2019.1697798 · Cited by 32
Mining performance data through nonlinear PCA with optimal scaling
Costantini, P., Linting, M., & Porzio, G. C. (2009) · Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry · doi:10.1002/asmb.771 · Cited by 32
Blended learning : an interpretive action research study
Heinze, A. (2008) · University of Salford Institutional Repository (University of Salford) · Cited by 30
Cook, C., Jones, J., & Al‐Twal, A. (2021) · Journal of Further and Higher Education · doi:10.1080/0309877x.2021.1895093 · Cited by 30
Jones, J., Gaffney‐Rhys, R., & Jones, E. L. (2012) · Journal of Further and Higher Education · doi:10.1080/0309877x.2012.699514 · Cited by 30
Classroom Assessment Techniques: An Assessment and Student Evaluation Method
Walker, D. (2012) · Creative Education · doi:10.4236/ce.2012.326136 · Cited by 33
Studying critical classroom encounters
Voss, R. (2009) · Quality Assurance in Education · doi:10.1108/09684880910951372 · Cited by 29
What does ratemyprofessors.com actually rate?
Clayson, D. E. (2014) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2013.861384 · Cited by 24
Students' perception of university teaching behaviours
Ali, A., Tariq, R. H., & Topping, K. J. (2009) · Teaching in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/13562510903315159 · Cited by 28
Are Course Evaluations Subject to a Halo Effect?
Darby, J. A. (2007) · Research in Education · doi:10.7227/rie.77.4 · Cited by 28
Peer review of teaching: What features matter? A case study within STEM faculties
Georgiou, H., Sharma, M. D., & Ling, A. (2017) · Innovations in Education and Teaching International · doi:10.1080/14703297.2017.1342557 · Cited by 26
Faculty attitudes about student evaluations and their relations to self-image as teacher
Hammer, R., Péer, E., & Babad, E. Y. (2018) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-018-9426-1 · Cited by 25
Ansari, W. E., & Oskrochi, G. (2004) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2004.09.002 · Cited by 25
If it Walks Like a Duck...: Concerns about Quackery in Marketing Education
Chonko, L. B. (2004) · Journal of Marketing Education · doi:10.1177/0273475303257763 · Cited by 25
Drinkwater, M. J., Matthews, K., & Seiler, J. R. (2017) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.15-12-0261 · Cited by 23
Wei, W., Sun, Y., & Xu, X. (2020) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2020.1846017 · Cited by 25
Inspirational teaching in higher education: What does it look, sound and feel like?
Derounian, J. (2017) · International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning · doi:10.20429/ijsotl.2017.110109 · Cited by 20
Quantifying halo effects in students’ evaluation of teaching
Cannon, E. S., & Cipriani, G. P. (2021) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2021.1888868 · Cited by 23
The Halo surrounding native English speaker teachers in Indonesia
Kramadibrata, A. (2016) · Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.17509/ijal.v5i2.1352 · Cited by 25
The educational theory underpinning a clinical workbook for VERT
Nisbet, H., & Matthews, S. (2010) · Radiography · doi:10.1016/j.radi.2010.10.002 · Cited by 21
Students' Ratings of Teaching Effectiveness: A Laughing Matter?
Adamson, G., O’Kane, D., & Shevlin, M. E. (2005) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.96.1.225-226 · Cited by 22
The Competencies of an English Teacher: Beginning Student Teachers’ Perceptions
Penn‐Edwards, S. (2010) · The Australian journal of teacher education · doi:10.14221/ajte.2010v35n2.4 · Cited by 21
‘Content’ versus ‘style’: Acquiescence in student evaluation of teaching?
Spooren, P., Mortelmans, D., & Thijssen, P. (2011) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1080/01411926.2010.523453 · Cited by 26
What do we mean by accounting program quality? A decomposition of accounting faculty opinions
Fogarty, T. J., Zimmerman, A. B., & Richardson, V. J. (2016) · Journal of Accounting Education · doi:10.1016/j.jaccedu.2016.04.001 · Cited by 20
Hadad, Y., Keren, B., & Naveh, G. (2019) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2019.1665623 · Cited by 25
Montshiwa, T. V., & Moroke, N. D. (2014) · Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n14p352 · Cited by 20
van de Pol, J., de Vries, N., Poorthuis, A. M. G., & Mainhard, T. (2022) · The Journal of Experimental Education · doi:10.1080/00220973.2022.2100732 · Cited by 22
Metadata
- Authors
- Shevlin, M., Banyard, P., Davies, M., & Griffiths, M.
- Venue
- Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 397-405
- ISSN
- 0260-2938 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-297X
- OpenAlex
- W2162643075
- Cited by
- 322
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 7.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Evaluation of Teaching Practices
- Social Sciences › Education › Student Assessment and Feedback
- Social Sciences › Education › Higher Education Practises and Engagement
- Keywords
- student evaluation of teaching, validity, teaching effectiveness, student perceptions, university teaching
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review