The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Antigen-independent activation of naive and memory resting T cells by a cytokine combination.
Open accessAbstract
We investigated whether human resting T cells could be activated to proliferate and display effector function in the absence of T cell receptor occupancy. We report that combination of interleukin 2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-6 activated highly purified naive (CD45RA+) and memory (CD45RO+) resting CD4+ T cells to proliferate. Under this condition, memory resting T cells could also display effector function as measured by lymphokine synthesis and help for immunoglobulin production by B cells. This novel Ag-independent pathway of T cell activation may play an important role in vivo in recruiting effector T cells at the site of immune response and in maintaining the clonal size of memory T cells in the absence of antigenic stimulation. Moreover, cytokines can induce proliferation of naive T cells without switch to memory phenotype and this may help the maintenance of the peripheral pool of naive T cells.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Central Memory and Effector Memory T Cell Subsets: Function, Generation, and Maintenance
Sallusto, F., Geginat, J., & Lanzavecchia, A. (2004) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104702 · Cited by 3,067
Immunological memory and protective immunity: understanding their relation
Ahmed, R., & Gray, D. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.272.5258.54 · Cited by 1,775
p53- and ATM-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Telomeres Lacking TRF2
Karlseder, J., Broccoli, D., Dai, Y., Hardy, S., & de Lange, T. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5406.1321 · Cited by 1,086
Cytokine Signals Are Sufficient for HIV-1 Infection of Resting Human T Lymphocytes
Unutmaz, D., KewalRamani, V. N., Marmon, S., & Littman, D. R. (1999) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.189.11.1735 · Cited by 427
Self-citationUnutmaz, D., Xiang, W., Sunshine, M. J., Campbell, J., Butcher, E., & Littman, D. R. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.6.3284 · Cited by 217
Self-citationThe bidirectional immune crosstalk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Sawada, K., Chung, H., Softic, S., Moreno-Fernandez, M. E., & Divanovic, S. (2023) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.009 · Cited by 139
Masopust, D., Murali-Krishna, K., & Ahmed, R. (2007) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01459-06 · Cited by 114
Stimulation of naive and memory T cells by cytokines
Tough, D. R., Sun, S., Zhang, X., & Sprent, J. (1999) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01327.x · Cited by 110
The Role of Apoptosis in the Resolution of T Cell-Mediated Cutaneous Inflammation
Orteu, C. H., Poulter, L. W., Rustin, M. H. A., Sabin, C. A., Salmon, M., & Akbar, A. N. (1998) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.161.4.1619 · Cited by 73
De novo T-cell generation in patients at different ages and stages of HIV-1 disease
Nobile, M. (2004) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2003-12-4265 · Cited by 49
Ridgley, L. A., Anderson, A. E., Maney, N. J., Naamane, N., Skelton, A. J., Lawson, C. A., Emery, P., Isaacs, J. D., Carmody, R. J., & Pratt, A. G. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01535 · Cited by 27
Metadata
- Authors
- Unutmaz, D., Pileri, P., & Abrignani, S.
- Venue
- The Journal of experimental medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 1994-09-01
- Volume
- 180
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1159-1164
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- OpenAlex
- W2137384756
- Cited by
- 524
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 7.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
