The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Central Tolerance to Tissue-specific Antigens Mediated by Direct and Indirect Antigen Presentation
Open accessAbstract
Intrathymic expression of tissue-specific antigens (TSAs) by medullary thymic epithelial cells (Mtecs) leads to deletion of autoreactive T cells. However, because Mtecs are known to be poor antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for tolerance to ubiquitous antigens, and very few Mtecs express a given TSA, it was unclear if central tolerance to TSA was induced directly by Mtec antigen presentation or indirectly by thymic bone marrow (BM)-derived cells via cross-presentation. We show that professional BM-derived APCs acquire TSAs from Mtecs and delete autoreactive CD8 and CD4 T cells. Although direct antigen presentation by Mtecs did not delete the CD4 T cell population tested in this study, Mtec presentation efficiently deleted both monoclonal and polyclonal populations of CD8 T cells. For developing CD8 T cells, deletion by BM-derived APC and by Mtec presentation occurred abruptly at the transitional, CD4high CD8low TCRintermediate stage, presumably as the cells transit from the cortex to the medulla. These studies reveal a cooperative relationship between Mtecs and BM-derived cells in thymic elimination of autoreactive T cells. Although Mtecs synthesize TSAs and delete a subset of autoreactive T cells, BM-derived cells extend the range of clonal deletion by cross-presenting antigen captured from Mtecs.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Projection of an Immunological Self Shadow Within the Thymus by the Aire Protein
Anderson, M. S., Venanzi, E. S., Klein, L., Chen, Z., Berzins, S. P., Turley, S. J., von Boehmer, H., Bronson, R., Dierich, A., Benoist, C., et al. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1075958 · Cited by 2,486
T-cell priming by dendritic cells in lymph nodes occurs in three distinct phases
Mempel, T. R., Henrickson, S. E., & von Andrian, U. H. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02238 · Cited by 1,714
Barnden, M. J., Allison, J., Heath, W. R., & Carbone, F. R. (1998) · Immunology & Cell Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1711.1998.00709.x · Cited by 1,489
Cd8+ but Not Cd8− Dendritic Cells Cross-Prime Cytotoxic T Cells in Vivo
den Haan, J. M. M., Lehar, S. M., & Bevan, M. J. (2000) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.192.12.1685 · Cited by 1,328
Self-citationHoming and cellular traffic in lymph nodes
von Andrian, U. H., & Mempel, T. R. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1222 · Cited by 1,281
Promiscuous gene expression in medullary thymic epithelial cells mirrors the peripheral self
Derbinski, J., Schulte, A., Kyewski, B., & Klein, L. (2001) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni723 · Cited by 1,077
Sequence analysis of peptides bound to MHC class II molecules
Rudensky, A. Y., Preston-Hurlburt, P., Hong, S.-C., Barlow, A., & Janeway, C. A. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/353622a0 · Cited by 1,075
Indirect activation of naïve CD4+ T cells by dendritic cell–derived exosomes
Théry, C., Duban, L., Segura, E., Véron, P., Lantz, O., & Amigorena, S. (2002) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni854 · Cited by 960
Aire regulates negative selection of organ-specific T cells
Liston, A., Lesage, S., Wilson, J., Peltonen, L., & Goodnow, C. C. (2003) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni906 · Cited by 807
Kurts, C., Kosaka, H., Carbone, F. R., Miller, J. F. A. P., & Heath, W. R. (1997) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.186.2.239 · Cited by 706
Cited by
Cross-presentation by dendritic cells
Joffre, O. P., Segura, E., Savina, A., & Amigorena, S. (2012) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3254 · Cited by 1,637
Aschenbrenner, K., D'Cruz, L. M., Vollmann, E. H., Hinterberger, M., Emmerich, J., Swee, L. K., Rolink, A., & Klein, L. (2007) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1444 · Cited by 580
Autophagy in thymic epithelium shapes the T-cell repertoire and is essential for tolerance
Nedjic, J., Aichinger, M., Emmerich, J., Mizushima, N., & Klein, L. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07208 · Cited by 532
Hikosaka, Y., Nitta, T., Ohigashi, I., Yano, K., Ishimaru, N., Hayashi, Y., Matsumoto, M., Matsuo, K., Penninger, J. M., Takayanagi, H., et al. (2008) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2008.06.018 · Cited by 433
The Biology and Underlying Mechanisms of Cross-Presentation of Exogenous Antigens on MHC-I Molecules
Cruz, F. M., Colbert, J. D., Merino, E., Kriegsman, B. A., & Rock, K. L. (2017) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-041015-055254 · Cited by 299
Metadata
- Authors
- Gallegos, A. M., & Bevan, M. J.
- Venue
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2004-10-18
- Volume
- 200
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1039-1049
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- OpenAlex
- W2159573388
- Cited by
- 490
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 9.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Central Tolerance to Tissue-specific Antigens Mediated by Direct and Indirect Antigen Presentation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1084/jem.20041457
- The paper
- Gallegos, A. M., & Bevan, M. J. (2004). Central Tolerance to Tissue-specific Antigens Mediated by Direct and Indirect Antigen Presentation. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20041457
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
