Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 753

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Tim-3 expression defines a novel population of dysfunctional T cells with highly elevated frequencies in progressive HIV-1 infection

Open access
Jones, R. Brad, Ndhlovu, Lishomwa C., Barbour, Jason D., Sheth, Prameet M., Jha, Aashish R., Long, Brian R., Wong, Jessica C., Satkunarajah, Malathy, Schweneker, Marc, Chapman, Joan M., Gyenes, Gabor, Vali, Bahareh, Hyrcza, Martin D., Yue, Feng Yun, Kovacs, Colin, Sassi, Aref, Loutfy, Mona, Halpenny, Roberta, Persad, Desmond, Spotts, Gerald, Hecht, Frederick M., Chun, Tae-Wook, McCune, Joseph M., Kaul, Rupert, Rini, James M., Nixon, Douglas F., Ostrowski, Mario A.·2008·The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Abstract

Progressive loss of T cell functionality is a hallmark of chronic infection with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). We have identified a novel population of dysfunctional T cells marked by surface expression of the glycoprotein Tim-3. The frequency of this population was increased in HIV-1–infected individuals to a mean of 49.4 ± SD 12.9% of CD8+ T cells expressing Tim-3 in HIV-1–infected chronic progressors versus 28.5 ± 6.8% in HIV-1–uninfected individuals. Levels of Tim-3 expression on T cells from HIV-1–infected inviduals correlated positively with HIV-1 viral load and CD38 expression and inversely with CD4+ T cell count. In progressive HIV-1 infection, Tim-3 expression was up-regulated on HIV-1–specific CD8+ T cells. Tim-3–expressing T cells failed to produce cytokine or proliferate in response to antigen and exhibited impaired Stat5, Erk1/2, and p38 signaling. Blocking the Tim-3 signaling pathway restored proliferation and enhanced cytokine production in HIV-1–specific T cells. Thus, Tim-3 represents a novel target for the therapeutic reversal of HIV-1–associated T cell dysfunction.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1084/jem.20081398

Cites

7 of 7 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 7 references

Cited by

See all 753

Metadata

Authors
Jones, R. B., Ndhlovu, L. C., Barbour, J. D., Sheth, P. M., Jha, A. R., Long, B. R., Wong, J. C., Satkunarajah, M., Schweneker, M., Chapman, J. M., Gyenes, G., Vali, B., Hyrcza, M. D., Yue, F. Y., Kovacs, C., Sassi, A., Loutfy, M., Halpenny, R., Persad, D., Spotts, G., Hecht, F. M., Chun, T.-W., McCune, J. M., Kaul, R., Rini, J. M., Nixon, D. F., & Ostrowski, M. A.
Venue
The Journal of Experimental Medicine
Published
2008-11-10
Volume
205
Issue
12
Pages
2763-2779
ISSN
  • 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
  • 1540-9538
OpenAlex
W2145476394
Cited by
753
References
7
FWCI
11.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Tim-3 expression defines a novel population of dysfunctional T cells with highly elevated frequencies in progressive HIV-1 infection. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1084/jem.20081398
The paper
Jones, R. B., Ndhlovu, L. C., Barbour, J. D., Sheth, P. M., Jha, A. R., Long, B. R., Wong, J. C., Satkunarajah, M., Schweneker, M., Chapman, J. M., Gyenes, G., Vali, B., Hyrcza, M. D., Yue, F. Y., Kovacs, C., Sassi, A., Loutfy, M., Halpenny, R., Persad, D., . . . Ostrowski, M. A. (2008). Tim-3 expression defines a novel population of dysfunctional T cells with highly elevated frequencies in progressive HIV-1 infection. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20081398

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.