Cited by 209Visual perception and processing mechanismsRetinal Development and DisordersPhotoreceptor and optogenetics research

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INTERMITTENT STIMULATION BY LIGHT

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Hecht, Selig, Shlaer, Simon·1936·Journal of General Physiology

DOI 10.1085/jgp.19.6.965PMC PMC2141480

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Abstract

1. An optical system is described which furnishes large flickering fields whose brightness, even when reduced with monochromatic filters, is capable of covering the complete range of the relation between critical frequency and intensity. 2. For a centrally located test field of 19° diameter, with light from different parts of the spectrum, the data divide into a low intensity section identified with rod function, and a high intensity section identified with cone function. The transition between the two sections is marked by an inflection point which is sharp, except for 450 and 490 mµ where, though clearly present, it is somewhat rounded. 3. The intensity range covered by the flicker function is smallest in the red, and increases steadily as the wave-length decreases. The increase is due entirely to the extent of the low intensity, rod section which is smallest (non-existent for S. S.) in the red and largest in the violet. The high intensity cone portion for all colors is in the same position on the intensity axis, and the only effect of decreasing wave-length is to shift the rod section to lower intensities without changing its shape. 4. The measurements are faithfully described by two similar equations, one for the rods and one for the cones, both equations being derived from the general stationary state equation already used for various visual functions.

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Authors: Hecht, S., & Shlaer, S.
Affiliations: Columbia University (US)
Venue: Journal of General Physiology
Publisher: Rockefeller University Press
Published: 1936-07-20
Volume: 19
Issue: 6
Pages: 965-977
ISSN: 0022-1295 (ISSN-L)
1540-7748
DOI: 10.1085/jgp.19.6.965
PMC: PMC2141480
OpenAlex: W2048807342
Cited by: 209
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 2.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: The Journal of General Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Development and Disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
Keywords: flicker frequency, critical flicker frequency, rod photoreceptors, cone photoreceptors, wavelength dependence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.

INTERMITTENT STIMULATION BY LIGHT

Abstract

Overview

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Verification

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks

Data sources