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An X-ray heated wind in NGC 1068
Abstract
Recent work published by Antonucci and Miller in 1985 has demonstrated the existence of a type 1 Seyfert nucleus inside the archetypical type 2 Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068. This nucleus is surrounded by an obscuring torus and is visible only by reflection from a warm electron scattering region on the torus's axis. Here it is shown that the warm region must be in a dynamic state and out of radiative equilibrium with the nuclear continuum. It is suggested that the source of this moving gas is the cold obscuring torus itself, and that the warm region is part of a wind driven by heating due to the central continuum. The obscuring torus may be an inner extension of the starburst region already known in NGC 1068. This model gives estimates of the temperature and optical depth of the electron scattering region consistent with the observed values. Variations in viewing angle and optical thickness in the torus may account for the range of observed properties in active galactic nuclei.
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Citations
Cited by
VLBI Imaging of Water Maser Emission from the Nuclear Torus of NGC 1068
Greenhill, L. J., Gwinn, C. R., Antonucci, R., & Barvainis, R. (1996) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/310346 · Cited by 260
FOSSIL IMPRINT OF A POWERFUL FLARE AT THE GALACTIC CENTER ALONG THE MAGELLANIC STREAM
Bland-Hawthorn, J., Maloney, P. R., Sutherland, R. S., & Madsen, G. J. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/778/1/58 · Cited by 89
Metadata
- Authors
- Krolik, J. H., & Begelman, M. C.
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 1986-09
- Volume
- 308
- Pages
- L55
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2012681064
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 5.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An X-ray heated wind in NGC 1068. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/184743
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- Krolik, J. H., & Begelman, M. C. (1986). An X-ray heated wind in NGC 1068. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1086/184743
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
