Particles, environments, and possible ecologies in the Jovian atmosphere
Abstract
The possible existence of indigenous Jovian organisms is investigated by characterizing the relevant physical environment of Jupiter, discussing the chromophores responsible for the observed coloration of the planet, and analyzing some permissible ecological niches of hypothetical organisms. Values of the eddy diffusion coefficent are estimated separately for the convective troposphere and the more stable mesosphere, and equilibrium condensation is studied for compounds containing Na, Cl, or both. The photoproduction of chromophores and nonequilibrium organic molecules is analyzed, and the motion of hypothetical organisms is examined along with the diffusion of metabolites and the consequent growth of organisms. Four kinds of organisms are considered: primary photosynthetic autotrophs ('sinkers'), larger autotrophs or heterotrophs that actively maintain their pressure level ('floaters'), organisms that seek out others ('hunters'), and organisms that live at almost pyrolytic depths ('scavengers'). It is concluded that ecological niches for sinkers, floaters, and hunters appear to exist in the Jovian atmosphere.
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Life driven by the movement of air rather than living in an aqueous environment was first proposed by Sagan and Salpeter (1976) for potential life-forms in Jupiter's atmosphere.
“Such a hypothesis was first proposed by Sagan and Salpeter (1976) for potential life-forms in Jupiter's atmosphere where ecological niches occur that could accommodate distinct gas-filled organisms such as “sinkers,” “floaters,” and “hunters.””
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Sagan and Salpeter (1976)
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Is there a common chemical model for life in the universe?
Benner, S. A., Ricardo, A., & Carrigan, M. A. (2004) · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2004.10.003 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Wright, K. E., Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Wright, K. E., Adamala, K., Arina de la Rubia, L., Bond, J., Dartnell, L. R., Goldman, A. D., Lynch, K., et al. (2016) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2015.1460 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
“Such a hypothesis was first proposed by Sagan and Salpeter (1976) for potential lifeforms in Jupiter’s atmosphere where ecological niches occur that could accommodate distinct gas-filled organisms such as ‘‘sinkers,’’ ‘‘floaters,’’ and ‘‘hunters.’’”
- Authors
- Sagan, C., & Salpeter, E. E.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- ORCID
- Sagan, C.
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 1976-10
- Volume
- 32
- Pages
- 737
- ISSN
- 0067-0049 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4365
- OpenAlex
- W2045646601
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- Type
- conference abstract
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Keywords
- Jupiter atmosphere, extraterrestrial life, atmospheric chemistry, chromophores, eddy diffusivity, equilibrium condensation, sodium chloride, photoproduction, organic compounds, ecological niche, mesosphere, heterotrophs, autotrophs, Jupiter
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