The chemical composition of carbon stars. I - Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in 30 cool carbon stars in the Galactic disk
Abstract
Chemical compositions of 30 Galactic carbon stars are determined from high-resolution infrared spectra and new model atmospheres. Elemental C, N, and O abundances are quite similar to those seen in planetary nebulae and are consistent with those reported for G to M giants. Carbon stars show only modest carbon enrichments: C/O is less than 1.6, and half the sample have C/O less than 1.1. The 12C/13C ratio is between 20 and 90 except for a few 13C-rich stars. When line blanketing by HCN and C2H2 is included, models predict the observed intensity of the H2 quadrupole lines. This and other evidence shows that the carbon stars are not hydrogen-deficient.
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Most C-rich AGB stars have 12C/13C ratios between about 30 and 80, but a small number with ratios below 30 cannot be explained by lowering the RGB ratio.
“Whereas most C-rich AGB stars have 12 C/ 13 C ratios between about 30 and 80, there is a small number with 12 C/ 13 C ratios below 30 (e.g., Lambert et al. 1986; Abia & Isern 1997) that cannot be explained using the method above.”
From The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars (2014) · cites this paper as Lambert et al. 1986
The C and N abundances predicted by models do not match those observed in AGB stars.
“The C and N abundances predicted by models do not match those observed in AGB stars (e.g., Lambert et al. 1986; Abia & Isern 1997; Milam, Woolf, & Ziurys 2009).”
From The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars (2014) · cites this paper as Lambert et al. 1986
The C isotopic ratios measured in AGB stars span a large range, from very low 12C/13C ratios of ≈4 to a maximum of about 100.
“The C isotopic ratios measured in AGB stars span a large range, from very low 12 C/ 13 C ratios of ≈ 4 to a maximum of about 100 (Lambert et al. 1986; Abia & Isern 1997).”
From The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars (2014) · cites this paper as Lambert et al. 1986
The sample by Lambert et al. (1986) has an average 12C/13C value of 58 (without J-type C stars).
“The sample by Lambert et al. (1986) has an average value of 58 (without the J-type C stars whose origin is unknown).”
From The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars (2014) · cites this paper as Lambert et al. 1986
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The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars
Karakas, A. I., & Lattanzio, J. C. (2014) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia · doi:10.1017/pasa.2014.21 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
“The sample by Lambert et al. (1986) has an average value of 58 (without the J-type C stars whose origin is unknown).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
- Authors
- Lambert, D. L., Gustafsson, B., Eriksson, K., & Hinkle, K. H.
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 1986-10
- Volume
- 62
- Pages
- 373
- ISSN
- 0067-0049 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4365
- OpenAlex
- W2014889675
- Cited by
- 417
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
- Type
- conference abstract
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Keywords
- carbon stars, chemical abundances, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, Galactic disk, cool giants, carbon enrichment, C/O ratio, 13C/12C ratio, hydrogen cyanide, C2H2, line blanketing, model atmospheres, planetary nebulae
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