On Relativity Theory and Openness of the Future
Abstract
It has been repeatedly argued, most recently by Nicholas Maxwell, that the special theory of relativity is incompatible with the view that the future is in some degree undetermined; and Maxwell contends that this is a reason to reject that theory. In the present paper, an analysis is offered of the notion of indeterminateness (or “becoming”) that is uniquely appropriate to the special theory of relativity, in the light of a set of natural conditions upon such a notion; and reasons are given for regarding this conception as (not just formally consistent with relativity theory, but also) philosophically reasonable. The bearings upon Maxwell's program for quantum theory are briefly considered.
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In special relativity, any binary relation 'is definite as of' adapted to temporally oriented Minkowski spacetime must coincide with 'is in the causal past of' lest it degenerate into the trivial or universal relation, modulo a choice of temporal direction.
“In special relativity, Stein's theorem tells us, essentially, that any binary relation 'is definite as of' adapted to the structure of temporally oriented Minkowski spacetime must coincide with 'is in the causal past of' lest it degenerate into the trivial or the universal relation, modulo a choice of temporal direction.”
From What Becomes of a Causal Set? (2017) · cites this paper as Stein (1991)
Cites
Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper
Einstein, A. (1905) · Annalen der Physik · doi:10.1002/andp.19053221004 · Cited by 4,385 · see citing works
Speakable and Unspeakable in Quatum Mechanics
Bell, J. S., & Mermin, N. D. (1988) · Physics Today · doi:10.1063/1.2811599 · Cited by 2,985 · see citing works
The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and The Laws of Physics
Penrose, R., & Gardner, M. (1989) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198519737.001.0001 · Cited by 2,007 · see citing works
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Relativity and the Moving Spotlight
Skow, B., & Journal of Philosophy, I. (2009) · Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.5840/jphil20091061224 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Wüthrich, C., & Callender, C. (2017) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/axv040 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
- Authors
- Stein, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stein, Howard
- Venue
- Philosophy of Science
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1991-06
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 147-167
- ISSN
- 0031-8248 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-767X
- OpenAlex
- W2040017667
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 9.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Philosophy of Science (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (8808575)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy, Science, and History
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Keywords
- special relativity, indeterminism, becoming, philosophy of time, quantum mechanics, determinism
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