The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On Black Hole Masses and Radio Loudness in Active Galactic Nuclei
Open accessAbstract
The distribution of radio to optical fluxes in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is bimodal. The physical origin for this bimodality is not understood. In this Letter I describe observational evidence, based on the Boroson & Green Palomar-Green quasar sample, that the radio loudness bimodality is strongly related to the black hole mass ( M BH ). Nearly all PG quasars with M BH > 10 9 M ☉ are radio-loud, while quasars with M BH < 3 × 10 8 M ☉ are practically all radio-quiet. This result is consistent with the dependence of quasar host galaxy morphology on radio loudness. There is no simple physical explanation for this result, but it may provide a clue as to how jets are formed near massive black holes. The radio loudness-black hole mass relationship suggests that the properties of various types of AGN may be largely set by three basic parameters: M BH , L / L Edd , and inclination angle.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes
Blandford, R. D., & Znajek, R. L. (1977) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/179.3.433 · Cited by 5,116
Unified Schemes for Radio-Loud Active Galactic Nuclei
Urry, C. M., & Padovani, P. (1995) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1086/133630 · Cited by 4,868
A Fundamental Relation between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
Ferrarese, L., & Merritt, D. (2000) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/312838 · Cited by 4,417
The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centers
Magorrian, J., Tremaine, S., Richstone, D., Bender, R., Bower, G., Dressler, A., Faber, S. M., Gebhardt, K., Green, R., Grillmair, C., et al. (1998) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/300353 · Cited by 4,007
Unified Models for Active Galactic Nuclei and Quasars
Antonucci, R. (1993) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.002353 · Cited by 3,943
A Relationship between Nuclear Black Hole Mass and Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
Gebhardt, K., Bender, R., Bower, G., Dressler, A., Faber, S. M., Filippenko, A. V., Green, R., Grillmair, C., Ho, L. C., Kormendy, J., et al. (2000) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/312840 · Cited by 3,671
Kaspi, S., Smith, P. S., Netzer, H., Maoz, D., Jannuzi, B. T., & Giveon, U. (2000) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/308704 · Cited by 1,961
Theory of extragalactic radio sources
Begelman, M. C., Blandford, R. D., & Rees, M. J. (1984) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.56.255 · Cited by 1,698
Tidal disruption of stars by black holes of 106–108 solar masses in nearby galaxies
Rees, M. J. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/333523a0 · Cited by 1,673
The emission-line properties of low-redshift quasi-stellar objects
Boroson, T. A., & Green, R. F. (1992) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1086/191661 · Cited by 1,585
Cited by
Vestergaard, M., & Peterson, B. M. (2006) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/500572 · Cited by 1,287
Supermassive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei: Past, Present and Future Research
Ferrarese, L., & Ford, H. (2005) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-005-3947-6 · Cited by 850
The diversity of quasars unified by accretion and orientation
Shen, Y., & Ho, L. C. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13712 · Cited by 373
Broad Emission-Line Shifts in Quasars: An Orientation Measure for Radio-Quiet Quasars?
Richards, G. T., Vanden Berk, D. E., Reichard, T. A., Hall, P. B., Schneider, D. P., SubbaRao, M., Thakar, A. R., & York, D. G. (2002) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/341167 · Cited by 358
On the Relationship between Radio Emission and Black Hole Mass in Galactic Nuclei
Ho, L. C. (2002) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/324399 · Cited by 346
Metadata
- Authors
- Laor, A.
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2000-11-10
- Volume
- 543
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- L111-L114
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1558717895
- Cited by
- 282
- References
- 19
- FWCI
- 14.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: On Black Hole Masses and Radio Loudness in Active Galactic Nuclei. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/317280
- The paper
- Laor, A. (2000). On Black Hole Masses and Radio Loudness in Active Galactic Nuclei. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1086/317280
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.