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Cited by 195HIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsInfection Control in HealthcareHIV Research and Treatment

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Occupational Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Health Care Workers: Worldwide Cases Through September 1997

Ippolito, Giuseppe, Puro, Vincenzo, Heptonstall, Julia, Jagger, Janine, De Carli, Gabriella, Petrosillo, Nicola·1999·Clinical Infectious Diseases
DOI 10.1086/515101
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Abstract

The average estimated risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection for health care workers following a percutaneous or mucous exposure is <0.5% in incidence studies, although a case-control study suggests it is much higher for highest-risk percutaneous exposure. To characterize exposures resulting in HIV transmission, we reviewed available data on occupational cases reported worldwide, identifying 94 documented and 170 possible cases. The majority of documented infections occurred in nurses, after contact with the blood of a patient with AIDS by means of percutaneous exposure, with a device placed in an artery or vein. High-exposure job categories, e.g., midwives and surgeons, are represented mostly among possible cases. Transmission occurred also through splashes, cuts, and skin contaminations, and in some cases despite postexposure prophylaxis with zidovudine. Health care workers could benefit if these data were incorporated in educational programs designed to prevent occupational bloodborne infections.

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  • Greater prevalence of HIV/AIDS due to needle-stick injury among female compared with male health care workers providing patient care.

    “Greater prevalence of HIV/AIDS due to needle-stick injury among female compared with male health care workers providing patient care13”

    From Genders, sexes, and health: what are the connections—and why does it matter? (2003) · cites this paper as [13]

    The Possible Occupational Infections section lists HIV infections following needlestick injuries in both female and male health care workers. It does not establish that prevalence was greater among women: the case listings provide no sex-specific rates for health care workers providing patient care. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Metadata

Authors
Ippolito, G., Puro, V., Heptonstall, J., Jagger, J., De Carli, G., & Petrosillo, N.
Affiliations
Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani (IT)
Corresponding author
Ippolito, Giuseppe
ORCID
Venue
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
1999-02
Volume
28
Issue
2
Pages
365-383
ISSN
  • 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-6591
DOI
10.1086/515101
OpenAlex
W2157225300
Cited by
195
References
0
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI
2.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
Keywords
occupational HIV infection, healthcare workers, percutaneous exposure, needlestick injuries, bloodborne infections, nurses, post-exposure prophylaxis, zidovudine, occupational infection prevention, midwives, surgeons
MeSH terms
Health Personnel, Humans, Occupational Diseases, Global Health, HIV Infections, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional

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